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Block-based programming languages enable young learners to quickly implement fun programs and games. The Scratch programming environment is particularly successful at this, with more than 50 million registered users at the time of this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Adina Deiner , Christoph Frädrich , Gordon Fraser , Sophia Geserer , Niklas Zantner

Providing effective feedback for programming assignments in computer science education can be challenging: students solve problems by iteratively submitting code, executing it, and using limited feedback from the compiler or the auto-grader…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Hasnain Heickal , Andrew Lan

Block-based programming environments such as Scratch are increasingly popular in programming education, in particular for young learners. While the use of blocks helps prevent syntax errors, semantic bugs remain common and difficult to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yuan Si , Daming Li , Hanyuan Shi , Jialu Zhang

Debugging is an essential skill when learning to program, yet its instruction and emphasis often vary widely across introductory courses. In the era of code-generating large language models (LLMs), the ability for students to reason about…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Victor-Alexandru Pădurean , Paul Denny , Adish Singla

Debugging is a fundamental skill that novice programmers must develop. Numerous tools have been created to assist novice programmers in this process. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been integrated with automated program repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Oka Kurniawan , Erick Chandra , Christopher M. Poskitt , Yannic Noller , Kenny Tsu Wei Choo , Cyrille Jegourel

In programming education, teachers need to monitor and assess the progress of their students by investigating the code they write. Code quality of programs written in traditional programming languages can be automatically assessed with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Nina Körber , Katharina Geldreich , Andreas Stahlbauer , Gordon Fraser

Learners are often introduced to programming via dedicated languages such as Scratch, where block-based commands are assembled visually in order to control the interactions of graphical sprites. Automated testing of such programs is an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Katharina Götz , Patric Feldmeier , Gordon Fraser

While significant progress has been made in automating various aspects of software development through coding agents, there is still significant room for improvement in their bug fixing capabilities. Debugging and investigation of runtime…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Spandan Garg , Yufan Huang

Static analysis is one of the most widely adopted techniques to find software bugs before code is put in production. Designing and implementing effective and efficient static analyses is difficult and requires high expertise, which results…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Andrew Habib , Michael Pradel

Background: Programming is a fundamental skill in computer science and software engineering specifically. Mastering it is a challenge for novices, which is evidenced by numerous errors that students make during programming assignments.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Nadja Just , Janet Siegmund , Belinda Schantong

Fault localization has been determined as a major resource factor in the software development life cycle. Academic fault localization techniques are mostly unknown and unused in professional environments. Although manual debugging…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Thomas Hirsch

Programming is increasingly taught using block-based languages like Scratch. While the use of blocks prevents syntax errors, learners can still make semantic mistakes, requiring feedback and help. As teachers may be overwhelmed by help…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Sebastian Schweikl , Gordon Fraser

Debugging is a vital but challenging skill for beginner programmers to learn. It is also a difficult skill to teach. For secondary school teachers, who may lack time or programming experience, honing students' understanding of debugging can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Laurie Gale , Sue Sentance

Currently, programming instructors continually face the problem of helping to debug students' programs. Although there currently exist a number of debuggers and debugging tools in various platforms, most of these projects or products are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2009-10-02 Abdullah Mohd Zin , Syed Ahmad Aljunid , Zarina Shukur , Mohd Jan Nordin

Motivated by experience in programming and in the teaching of programming, we make another assault on the longstanding problem of debugging. Having explored why debuggers are not used as widely as one might expect, especially in functional…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-11-04 John Whitington

Automated debugging, long pursued in a variety of fields from software engineering to cybersecurity, requires a framework that offers the building blocks for a programmable debugging workflow. However, existing debuggers are primarily…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Gabriele Digregorio , Roberto Alessandro Bertolini , Francesco Panebianco , Mario Polino

Debugging is a central yet complex activity in software engineering. Prior studies have documented debugging strategies and tool usage, but little theory explains how experienced developers reason about bugs in large, real-world codebases.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Haolin Li , Michael Coblenz

Backtracking (i.e., reverse execution) helps the user of a debugger to naturally think backwards along the execution path of a program, and thinking backwards makes it easy to locate the origin of a bug. So far backtracking has been…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-09-23 Jooyong Yi

Visual programs are executable code generated by large language models to address visual reasoning problems. They decompose complex questions into multiple reasoning steps and invoke specialized models for each step to solve the problems.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Xueqing Wu , Zongyu Lin , Songyan Zhao , Te-Lin Wu , Pan Lu , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Bug localization is a critical skill, yet novices often lack systematic approaches. Prior work tested abstract guidelines and general concrete steps; the impact of context-specific instruction is unclear. We ran an eight-week longitudinal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziyi Zhang , Devjeet Roy , Venera Arnaoudova