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Instantaneous measurements of the electromagnetic field (EMF) strength do not reflect the maximum exposure levels possible in a given location. An extrapolation factor needs to be applied to the measurements before comparing them against…

Accelerated by the increasing attention drawn by 5G, 6G, and Internet of Things applications, communication and sensing technologies have rapidly evolved from millimeter-wave (mmWave) to terahertz (THz) in recent years. Enabled by…

5G New Radio (NR) Release 15 has been specified in June 2018. It introduces numerous changes and potential improvements for physical layer data transmissions, although only point-to-point (PTP) communications are considered. In order to use…

The roll out of new mobile network generations poses hard challenges due to various factors such as cost-benefit tradeoffs, existing infrastructure, and new technology aspects. In particular, one of the main challenges for the 5G deployment…

Evaluating cellular systems, from 5G New Radio (NR) and 5G-Advanced to 6G, is challenging because the performance emerges from the tight coupling of propagation, beam management, scheduling, and higher-layer interactions. System-level…

5G New Radio (NR) is a key enabler of accurate positioning in smart cities and smart factories. This paper presents the experimental results from three 5G positioning testbeds running open-source OpenAirInterface (OAI) gNB and Core Network…

With the advent of 5G, standardization and research are currently defining the next generation of the radio access. Considering the high constraints imposed by the future standards, disruptive technologies such as Massive MIMO and mmWave…

Evolving 5G New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), particularly satellite communication networks, is under exploration in 3GPP. The movement of the spaceborne platforms in NTNs may result in large timing varying Doppler…

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an enabling technique to support massive connectivity and utilize the radio resources more efficiently. A number of novel NOMA schemes have been proposed for 5G New Radio (NR) standards. In this…

The grand objective of 5G wireless technology is to support three generic services with vastly heterogeneous requirements: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency…

The fifth-generation cellular mobile networks are expected to support mission critical ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) services in addition to the enhanced mobile broadband applications. This article first introduces three…

For the development of new 5G systems to operate in bands up to 100 GHz, there is a need for accurate radio propagation models at these bands that currently are not addressed by existing channel models developed for bands below 6 GHz. This…

Future dense small-cell networks are one key 5G candidates to offer outdoor high access data rates, especially in millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands. At those frequencies, the free space propagation loss and shadowing (from buildings,…

Positioning problem can be solved with several approaches in 5G. This paper introduces RT (Ray Tracing) technique for small-cell Outdoor positioning and tracking for systems with distributed architecture with multipath processing gain.…

There have been active research activities worldwide in developing the next-generation 5G wireless network. The 5G network is expected to support significantly large amount of mobile data traffic and huge number of wireless connections,…

Millimeter wave (mmWave) is a key technology to support high data rate demands for 5G applications. Highly directional transmissions are crucial at these frequencies to compensate for high isotropic pathloss. This reliance on di- rectional…

Non-terrestrial Networks (NTNs) have become an appealing concept over the last few years and they are foreseen as a cornerstone for the next generations of mobile communication systems. Despite opening up new market opportunities and use…

5G cellular communications promise to deliver the gigabit experience to mobile users, with a capacity increase of up to three orders of magnitude with respect to current LTE systems. There is widespread agreement that such an ambitious goal…

The fifth generation (5G) wireless network technology is to be standardized by 2020, where main goals are to improve capacity, reliability, and energy efficiency, while reducing latency and massively increasing connection density. An…

Since 5G new radio comes with non-standalone (NSA) and standalone (SA) versions in 3GPP, research on 6G has been on schedule by academics and industries. Though 6G is supposed to have much higher capabilities than 5G, yet there is no clear…