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The emergence of billion-parameter diffusion models such as Stable Diffusion XL, Imagen, and DALL-E 3 has significantly propelled the domain of generative AI. However, their large-scale architecture presents challenges in fine-tuning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Hyogon Ryu , Seohyun Lim , Hyunjung Shim

In this work, we investigate the capability of generating images from pre-trained diffusion models at much higher resolutions than the training image sizes. In addition, the generated images should have arbitrary image aspect ratios. When…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yingqing He , Shaoshu Yang , Haoxin Chen , Xiaodong Cun , Menghan Xia , Yong Zhang , Xintao Wang , Ran He , Qifeng Chen , Ying Shan

The success of deep learning in computer vision over the past decade has hinged on large labeled datasets and strong pretrained models. In data-scarce settings, the quality of these pretrained models becomes crucial for effective transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Bingxin Ke , Kevin Qu , Tianfu Wang , Nando Metzger , Shengyu Huang , Bo Li , Anton Obukhov , Konrad Schindler

Image-to-image translation (I2I), and particularly its subfield of appearance transfer, which seeks to alter the visual appearance between images while maintaining structural coherence, presents formidable challenges. Despite significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Yuteng Ye , Guanwen Li , Hang Zhou , Cai Jiale , Junqing Yu , Yawei Luo , Zikai Song , Qilong Xing , Youjia Zhang , Wei Yang

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful new family of deep generative models with record-breaking performance in many applications, including image synthesis, video generation, and molecule design. In this survey, we provide an overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ling Yang , Zhilong Zhang , Yang Song , Shenda Hong , Runsheng Xu , Yue Zhao , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) is a widely used technique for conditional generation and improving sample quality in continuous diffusion models, and its extensions to discrete diffusion has recently started to be investigated. In order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Kevin Rojas , Ye He , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Yuhta Takida , Yuki Mitsufuji , Molei Tao

The rise of deepfake images, especially of well-known personalities, poses a serious threat to the dissemination of authentic information. To tackle this, we present a thorough investigation into how deepfakes are produced and how they can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Haixu Song , Shiyu Huang , Yinpeng Dong , Wei-Wei Tu

This tutorial provides a comprehensive survey of methods for fine-tuning diffusion models to optimize downstream reward functions. While diffusion models are widely known to provide excellent generative modeling capability, practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Tommaso Biancalani , Sergey Levine

Diffusion models have demonstrated impressive image synthesis performance, yet many UNet-based models are trained at certain fixed resolutions. Their quality tends to degrade when generating images at out-of-training resolutions. We trace…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jiaxuan Ren , Junhan Zhu , Huan Wang

Recent text-to-image diffusion models can generate striking visuals from text prompts, but they often fail to maintain subject consistency across generations and contexts. One major limitation of current fine-tuning approaches is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Gordon Chen , Ziqi Huang , Cheston Tan , Ziwei Liu

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative frameworks by progressively adding noise to data through a forward process and then reversing this process to generate realistic samples. While these models have achieved strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xingzhuo Guo , Yu Zhang , Baixu Chen , Haoran Xu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

In this work, we address the limitations of denoising diffusion models (DDMs) in image restoration tasks, particularly the shape and color distortions that can compromise image quality. While DDMs have demonstrated a promising performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Xinlong Cheng , Tiantian Cao , Guoan Cheng , Bangxuan Huang , Xinghan Tian , Ye Wang , Xiaoyu He , Weixin Li , Tianfan Xue , Xuan Dong

Diffusion models have emerged as state-of-the-art generative methods for image synthesis, yet their potential as general-purpose feature encoders remains underexplored. Trained for denoising and generation without labels, they can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 A. Nieto Juscafresa , Á. Mazcuñán Herreros , J. Sullivan

Modern cameras' performance in low-light conditions remains suboptimal due to fundamental limitations in photon shot noise and sensor read noise. Generative image restoration methods have shown promising results compared to traditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xijun Wang , Prateek Chennuri , Dilshan Godaliyadda , Yu Yuan , Bole Ma , Xingguang Zhang , Hamid R. Sheikh , Stanley Chan

As large-scale text-to-image generation models have made remarkable progress in the field of text-to-image generation, many fine-tuning methods have been proposed. However, these models often struggle with novel objects, especially with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jianxiang Lu , Cong Xie , Hui Guo

The predominant success of diffusion models in generative modeling has spurred significant interest in understanding their theoretical foundations. In this work, we propose a feature learning framework aimed at analyzing and comparing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-04 Andi Han , Wei Huang , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Restoring low-resolution text images presents a significant challenge, as it requires maintaining both the fidelity and stylistic realism of the text in restored images. Existing text image restoration methods often fall short in hard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chenglu Pan , Xiaogang Xu , Ganggui Ding , Yunke Zhang , Wenbo Li , Jiarong Xu , Qingbiao Wu

Diffusion models (DMs) excel in unconditional generation, as well as on applications such as image editing and restoration. The success of DMs lies in the iterative nature of diffusion: diffusion breaks down the complex process of mapping…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Beomsu Kim , Jaemin Kim , Jeongsol Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently gained attention with state-of-the-art performance in text-to-image synthesis. Abiding by the tradition in deep learning, DMs are trained and evaluated on the images with fixed sizes. However, users are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Zhiyu Jin , Xuli Shen , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Since the advent of GANs and VAEs, image generation models have continuously evolved, opening up various real-world applications with the introduction of Stable Diffusion and DALL-E models. These text-to-image models can generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Hyunwoo Yoo