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A central result that arose in applying information theory to the stochastic thermodynamics of nonlinear dynamical systems is the Information-Processing Second Law (IPSL): the physical entropy of the universe can decrease if compensated by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-06-07 Alexander B. Boyd , Dibyendu Mandal , Paul M. Riechers , James P. Crutchfield

Information thermodynamics relates the rate of change of mutual information between two interacting subsystems to their thermodynamics when the joined system is described by a bipartite stochastic dynamics satisfying local detailed balance.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-08-05 Emanuele Penocchio , Francesco Avanzini , Massimiliano Esposito

We describe and analyze a quantum thermometer based on a multilayered collisional model. We propose a qubit system whose architecture provides significant sensitivity even for short interaction times between the ancillae that compose the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Taysa M. Mendonça , Diogo O. Soares-Pinto , Mauro Paternostro

The standard relations between information theory and thermodynamics are challenged. The Szilard engine is revisited and the bound proposed by Landauer is replaced by a different one which includes errors in information processing. Instead…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Robert Alicki

Statistical physics in equilibrium grants us one of its most powerful tools: the equipartition principle. It states that the degrees of freedom of a mechanical system act as a thermometer: temperature is equal to the mean variance of their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-26 Alex Fontana , Richard Pedurand , Ludovic Bellon

We review theory of information thermodynamics which incorporates effects of measurement and feedback into nonequilibrium thermodynamics of a small system, and discuss how the second law of thermodynamics should be extended for such…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-07 Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda

In 1929, Leo Szilard invented a feedback protocol in which a hypothetical intelligence called Maxwell's demon pumps heat from an isothermal environment and transduces it to work. After an intense controversy that lasted over eighty years;…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-21 Shoichi Toyabe , Takahiro Sagawa , Masahito Ueda , Eiro Muneyuki , Masaki Sano

We examine a biomolecular machine involving a driven, observable process coupled to a hidden process in a kinetically cooperative manner. A stochastic thermodynamics framework is employed to analyze a fluctuation theorem for the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-14 D. Evan Piephoff , Jianshu Cao

Mandal and Jarzynski have proposed a fully autonomous information heat engine, consisting of a demon, a mass and a memory register interacting with a thermal reservoir. This device converts thermal energy into mechanical work by writing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-24 Zhiyu Cao , Ruicheng Bao , Jiming Zheng , Zhonghuai Hou

Extending the quantum formulation of [Phys. Rev. X 3, 041003 (2013)] to a more general setting for studying the thermodynamics of information processing including initial correlations, we generalize the second law of thermodynamics to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Shou-I Tang , Emery Doucet , Akram Touil , Sebastian Deffner , Akira Sone

The Szilard engine stands as a compelling illustration of the intricate interplay between information and thermodynamics. While at thermodynamic equilibrium, the apparent breach of the second law of thermodynamics was reconciled by Landauer…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-17 Luca Cocconi , Letian Chen

Biochemical signaling cascades transmit intracellular information while dissipating energy under nonequilibrium conditions. We model a cascade as a code string and apply information-entropy ideas to quantify an optimal transmission rate. A…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Tatsuaki Tsuruyama

A Maxwell's demon type ``information engine" which extracts work from a bath is constructed from a microscopic Hamiltonian for the whole system including a subsystem, a thermal bath, and a nonequilibrium bath of phonons or photons which…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Mark M. Millonas

A Brownian information machine extracts work from a heat bath through a feedback process that exploits the information acquired in a measurement. For the paradigmatic case of a particle trapped in a harmonic potential, we determine how…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-04-09 Michael Bauer , David Abreu , Udo Seifert

Active matter and driven systems exhibit statistical fluctuations in density and particle positions, providing an indirect indicator of dissipation across multiple length and time scales. Here, we quantitatively relate these measurable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-19 Aishani Ghosal , Jason R. Green

We study the statistics of the efficiency in a class of isothermal cyclic machines with realistic coupling between the internal degrees of freedom. We derive, under fairly general assumptions, the probability distribution function for the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-30 Marc Suñe , Alberto Imparato

Despite the wide usage of information as a concept in science, we have yet to develop a clear & concise scientific definition. This paper is aimed at laying the foundations for a new theory concerning the mechanics of information alongside…

General Physics · Physics 2017-07-13 Kiyam Lin , SongLing Lin

We study bounds on ratios of fluctuations in steady-state time-reversal heat engines controlled by multi affinities. In the linear response regime, we prove that the relative fluctuations (precision) of the output current (power) is always…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-11-17 Sushant Saryal , Matthew Gerry , Ilia Khait , Dvira Segal , Bijay Kumar Agarwalla

We propose and analyze a process that extracts useful work from a single active particle maintained at constant temperature in a harmonic potential by measuring the relative sign of the self-propulsion and the confining force and then…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-09 Grzegorz Szamel

We study an information-theoretic measure of uncertainty for quantum systems. It is the Shannon information $I$ of the phase space probability distribution $\la z | \rho | z \ra $, where $|z \ra $ are coherent states, and $\rho$ is the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Arlen Anderson , Jonathan J. Halliwell