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It is pointed out that every mixed state statistical operator is, up to a normalization constant, a super state vector in the Hilbert space of linear Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting in the state space of the quantum system. Hence, the well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Herbut

The Schmidt number represents the genuine entanglement dimension of a bipartite quantum state. We derive simple criteria for the Schmidt number of a density matrix in arbitrary local dimensions. They are based on the trace norm of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Armin Tavakoli , Simon Morelli

A multipartite entanglement measure called the ent is presented and shown to be an entanglement monotone, with the special property of automatic normalization. Necessary and sufficient conditions are developed for constructing maximally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-19 Samuel R. Hedemann

Entanglement of any pure state of an N times N bi-partite quantum system may be characterized by the vector of coefficients arising by its Schmidt decomposition. We analyze various measures of entanglement derived from the generalized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Karol Zyczkowski , Ingemar Bengtsson

Bipartite maximally entangled states have the property that the largest Schmidt coefficient reaches its lower bound. However, for multipartite states the standard Schmidt decomposition generally does not exist. We use a generalized Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-12 Sayatnova Tamaryan , Tzu-Chieh Wei , DaeKil Park

A deep understanding of quantum entanglement is vital for advancing quantum technologies. The strength of entanglement can be quantified by counting the degrees of freedom that are entangled, which results in a quantity called Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-21 Robin Krebs , Mariami Gachechiladze

I consider deterministic distinguishability of a set of orthogonal, bipartite states when only a single copy is available and the parties are restricted to local operations and classical communication, but with the additional requirement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Scott M. Cohen

Recent efforts have focused on characterizing the set of separable states that cannot be made entangled by any global unitary transformation. Here we characterize the set of states whose entanglement content cannot be increased under any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Jofre Abellanet-Vidal , Guillem Müller-Rigat , Albert Rico , Anna Sanpera

Quantum entanglement is an important resource in many modern technologies, like quantum computation or quantum communication and information processing. Therefore, most interest is given to detect and quantify entangled states. Entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Katarzyna Siudzińska

In this note we generalize Nielsen's marjoization criterion for the convertibility of bipartite pure states [Phys. Rev. Lett \textbf{83}, 436(1999)] to a special class of multipartite pure states which have generalized Schmidt…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yu Xin , Runyao Duan

Inspired by the `computable cross norm' or `realignment' criterion, we propose a new point of view about the characterization of the states of bipartite quantum systems. We consider a Schmidt decomposition of a bipartite density operator.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 Cosmo Lupo , Paolo Aniello , Antonello Scardicchio

High-dimensional entanglement, captured by the Schmidt number, underpins advantages in quantum information tasks, yet a unified resource-theoretic description across different Buscemi-type operational objects has been missing. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Xian Shi

In this short note we show two completely opposite methods of constructing entangled states. Given a bipartite state $\gamma\in M_k\otimes M_k$, define $\gamma_S=(Id+F)\gamma (Id+F)$, $\gamma_A=(Id-F)\gamma(Id-F)$, where $F\in M_k\otimes…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-11-28 Daniel Cariello

Schmidt decomposition is a powerful tool in quantum information. While Schmidt decomposition is universal for bipartite states, its not for multipartite states. In this article, we review properties of bipartite Schmidt decompositions and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-15 Mithilesh Kumar

Genuine high-dimensional entanglement, i.e. the property of having a high Schmidt number, constitutes a resource in quantum communication, overcoming limitations of low-dimensional systems. States with a positive partial transpose (PPT), on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 Marcus Huber , Ludovico Lami , Cécilia Lancien , Alexander Müller-Hermes

The dimensionality of entanglement, quantified by the Schmidt number, is a valuable resource for a wide range of quantum information processing tasks. In this work, we introduce the notion of the absolute Schmidt number, referring to states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Bivas Mallick , Saheli Mukherjee , Nirman Ganguly , A. S. Majumdar

The primary goal in the study of entanglement as a resource theory is to find conditions that determine when one quantum state can or cannot be transformed into another via local operations and classical communication. This is typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-19 Mark W. Girard , Gilad Gour

Higher dimensional entangled states demonstrate significant advantages in quantum information processing tasks. Schmidt number is a quantity on the entanglement dimension of a bipartite state. Here we build families of k-positive maps from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-04 Xian Shi

We study entanglement in a system of three coupled quantum harmonic oscillators. Specifically, we use the Schmidt decomposition to analyze how the entanglement is distributed among the three subsystems. The Schmidt decomposition is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Abdeldjalil Merdaci , Ahmed Jellal

We consider a bipartite mixed state of the form, $\rho =\sum_{\alpha, \beta =1}^{l}a_{\alpha \beta} | \psi_{\alpha}> < \psi_ \beta}| $, where $| \psi_{\alpha}>$ are normalized bipartite state vectors, and matrix $(a_{\alpha \beta})$ is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tohya Hiroshima , Masahito Hayashi