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Astronomy depends on ever increasing computing power. Processor clock-rates have plateaued, and increased performance is now appearing in the form of additional processor cores on a single chip. This poses significant challenges to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Benjamin R. Barsdell , David G. Barnes , Christopher J. Fluke

Recent years have seen many arguments for cosmic rays (CRs) as an important influence on galactic and circumgalactic (CGM) physics, star and galaxy formation. We present a pedagogical overview of state-of-the-art modeling of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-11 Philip F. Hopkins

The origin of diffuse neutrinos and $\gamma$-rays is unknown, and galaxy clusters hosting AGN and starburst galaxies are the most probable sources of these cosmic messengers. In this work, we investigate the diffuse $\gamma$-ray and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Saqib Hussain , Gabrijela Zaharijas , Klaus Dolag

Galactic-scale winds are a generic feature of massive galaxies with high star formation rates across a broad range of redshifts. Despite their importance, a detailed physical understanding of what drives these mass-loaded global flows has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Munier Salem , Greg L. Bryan

We will discuss the RowHammer problem in DRAM, which is a prime (and likely the first) example of how a circuit-level failure mechanism in Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) can cause a practical and widespread system security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Onur Mutlu

Cosmic rays are atomic nuclei arriving from outer space that reach the highest energies observed in nature. Clues to their origin come from studying the distribution of their arrival directions. Using $3 \times 10^4$ cosmic rays above $8…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-22 The Pierre Auger Collaboration , A. Aab , P. Abreu , M. Aglietta , I. Al Samarai , I. F. M. Albuquerque , I. Allekotte , A. Almela , J. Alvarez Castillo , J. Alvarez-Muñiz , G. A. Anastasi , L. Anchordoqui , B. Andrada , S. Andringa , C. Aramo , F. Arqueros , N. Arsene , H. Asorey , P. Assis , J. Aublin , G. Avila , A. M. Badescu , A. Balaceanu , F. Barbato , R. J. Barreira Luz , J. J. Beatty , K. H. Becker , J. A. Bellido , C. Berat , M. E. Bertaina , X. Bertou , P. L. Biermann , P. Billoir , J. Biteau , S. G. Blaess , A. Blanco , J. Blazek , C. Bleve , M. Boháčová , D. Boncioli , C. Bonifazi , N. Borodai , A. M. Botti , J. Brack , I. Brancus , T. Bretz , A. Bridgeman , F. L. Briechle , P. Buchholz , A. Bueno , S. Buitink , M. Buscemi , K. S. Caballero-Mora , L. Caccianiga , A. Cancio , F. Canfora , L. Caramete , R. Caruso , A. Castellina , G. Cataldi , L. Cazon , A. G. Chavez , J. A. Chinellato , J. Chudoba , R. W. Clay , A. Cobos , R. Colalillo , A. Coleman , L. Collica , M. R. Coluccia , R. Conceição , G. Consolati , F. Contreras , M. J. Cooper , S. Coutu , C. E. Covault , J. Cronin , S. D'Amico , B. Daniel , S. Dasso , K. Daumiller , B. R. Dawson , R. M. de Almeida , S. J. de Jong , G. De Mauro , J. R. T. de Mello Neto , I. De Mitri , J. de Oliveira , V. de Souza , J. Debatin , O. Deligny , C. Di Giulio , A. Di Matteo , M. L. Díaz Castro , F. Diogo , C. Dobrigkeit , J. C. D'Olivo , Q. Dorosti , R. C. dos Anjos , M. T. Dova , A. Dundovic , J. Ebr , R. Engel , M. Erdmann , M. Erfani , C. O. Escobar , J. Espadanal , A. Etchegoyen , H. Falcke , G. Farrar , A. C. Fauth , N. Fazzini , F. Fenu , B. Fick , J. M. Figueira , A. Filipčič , O. Fratu , M. M. Freire , T. Fujii , A. Fuster , R. Gaior , B. García , D. Garcia-Pinto , F. Gaté , H. Gemmeke , A. Gherghel-Lascu , P. L. Ghia , U. Giaccari , M. Giammarchi , M. Giller , D. Głas , C. Glaser , G. Golup , M. Gómez Berisso , P. F. Gómez Vitale , N. González , A. Gorgi , P. Gorham , A. F. Grillo , T. D. Grubb , F. Guarino , G. P. Guedes , M. R. Hampel , P. Hansen , D. Harari , T. A. Harrison , J. L. Harton , A. Haungs , T. Hebbeker , D. Heck , P. Heimann , A. E. Herve , G. C. Hill , C. Hojvat , E. Holt , P. Homola , J. R. Hörandel , P. Horvath , M. Hrabovský , T. Huege , J. Hulsman , A. Insolia , P. G. Isar , I. Jandt , S. Jansen , J. A. Johnsen , M. Josebachuili , J. Jurysek , A. Kääpä , O. Kambeitz , K. H. Kampert , I. Katkov , B. Keilhauer , N. Kemmerich , E. Kemp , J. Kemp , R. M. Kieckhafer , H. O. Klages , M. Kleifges , J. Kleinfeller , R. Krause , N. Krohm , D. Kuempel , G. Kukec Mezek , N. Kunka , A. Kuotb Awad , D. LaHurd , M. Lauscher , R. Legumina , M. A. Leigui de Oliveira , A. Letessier-Selvon , I. Lhenry-Yvon , K. Link , D. Lo Presti , L. Lopes , R. López , A. López Casado , Q. Luce , A. Lucero , M. Malacari , M. Mallamaci , D. Mandat , P. Mantsch , A. G. Mariazzi , I. C. Mariş , G. Marsella , D. Martello , H. Martinez , O. Martínez Bravo , J. J. Masías Meza , H. J. Mathes , S. Mathys , J. Matthews , J. A. J. Matthews , G. Matthiae , E. Mayotte , P. O. Mazur , C. Medina , G. Medina-Tanco , D. Melo , A. Menshikov , K. -D. Merenda , S. Michal , M. I. Micheletti , L. Middendorf , L. Miramonti , B. Mitrica , D. Mockler , S. Mollerach , F. Montanet , C. Morello , M. Mostafá , A. L. Müller , G. Müller , M. A. Muller , S. Müller , R. Mussa , I. Naranjo , L. Nellen , P. H. Nguyen , M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu , M. Niechciol , L. Niemietz , T. Niggemann , D. Nitz , D. Nosek , V. Novotny , L. Nožka , L. A. Núñez , L. Ochilo , F. Oikonomou , A. Olinto , M. Palatka , J. Pallotta , P. Papenbreer , G. Parente , A. Parra , T. Paul , M. Pech , F. Pedreira , J. Pękala , R. Pelayo , J. Peña-Rodriguez , L. A. S. Pereira , M. Perlín , L. Perrone , C. Peters , S. Petrera , J. Phuntsok , R. Piegaia , T. Pierog , P. Pieroni , M. Pimenta , V. Pirronello , M. Platino , M. Plum , C. Porowski , R. R. Prado , P. Privitera , M. Prouza , E. J. Quel , S. Querchfeld , S. Quinn , R. Ramos-Pollan , J. Rautenberg , D. Ravignani , B. Revenu , J. Ridky , F. Riehn , M. Risse , P. Ristori , V. Rizi , W. Rodrigues de Carvalho , G. Rodriguez Fernandez , J. Rodriguez Rojo , D. Rogozin , M. J. Roncoroni , M. Roth , E. Roulet , A. C. Rovero , P. Ruehl , S. J. Saffi , A. Saftoiu , F. Salamida , H. Salazar , A. Saleh , F. Salesa Greus , G. Salina , F. Sánchez , P. Sanchez-Lucas , E. M. Santos , E. Santos , F. Sarazin , R. Sarmento , C. A. Sarmiento , R. Sato , M. Schauer , V. Scherini , H. Schieler , M. Schimp , D. Schmidt , O. Scholten , P. Schovánek , F. G. Schröder , A. Schulz , J. Schumacher , S. J. Sciutto , A. Segreto , M. Settimo , A. Shadkam , R. C. Shellard , G. Sigl , G. Silli , O. Sima , A. Śmiałkowski , R. Šmída , G. R. Snow , P. Sommers , S. Sonntag , J. Sorokin , R. Squartini , D. Stanca , S. Stanič , J. Stasielak , P. Stassi , F. Strafella , F. Suarez , M. Suarez Durán , T. Sudholz , T. Suomijärvi , A. D. Supanitsky , J. Šupík , J. Swain , Z. Szadkowski , A. Taboada , O. A. Taborda , A. Tapia , V. M. Theodoro , C. Timmermans , C. J. Todero Peixoto , L. Tomankova , B. Tomé , G. Torralba Elipe , P. Travnicek , M. Trini , R. Ulrich , M. Unger , M. Urban , J. F. Valdés Galicia , I. Valiño , L. Valore , G. van Aar , P. van Bodegom , A. M. van den Berg , A. van Vliet , E. Varela , B. Vargas Cárdenas , G. Varner , R. A. Vázquez , D. Veberič , C. Ventura , I. D. Vergara Quispe , V. Verzi , J. Vicha , L. Villaseñor , S. Vorobiov , H. Wahlberg , O. Wainberg , D. Walz , A. A. Watson , M. Weber , A. Weindl , L. Wiencke , H. Wilczyński , M. Wirtz , D. Wittkowski , B. Wundheiler , L. Yang , A. Yushkov , E. Zas , D. Zavrtanik , M. Zavrtanik , A. Zepeda , B. Zimmermann , M. Ziolkowski , Z. Zong , F. Zuccarello

Over the last three decades, innovations in the memory subsystem were primarily targeted at overcoming the data movement bottleneck. In this paper, we focus on a specific market trend in memory technology: 3D-stacked memory and caches. We…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jens Domke , Emil Vatai , Balazs Gerofi , Yuetsu Kodama , Mohamed Wahib , Artur Podobas , Sparsh Mittal , Miquel Pericàs , Lingqi Zhang , Peng Chen , Aleksandr Drozd , Satoshi Matsuoka

We compute the contribution from clusters of galaxies to the diffuse neutrino and $\gamma-$ray background. Due to their unique magnetic-field configuration, cosmic rays (CRs) with energy $\leq10^{17}$ eV can be confined within these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-01 Saqib Hussain , Giulia Pagliaroli , Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino

This paper summarizes our work on experimentally characterizing, mitigating, and recovering read disturb errors in multi-level cell (MLC) NAND flash memory, which was published in DSN 2015, and examines the work's significance and future…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Yu Cai , Yixin Luo , Saugata Ghose , Erich F. Haratsch , Ken Mai , Onur Mutlu

We explore the impact of cosmic rays (CRs) on cosmological adaptive-mesh refinement simulations of a forming 10^12 Msolar halo, focusing on the circumgalactic medium (CGM), and its resulting low-redshift structure and composition. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-12-23 Munier Salem , Greg L. Bryan , Lauren Corlies

We aim to explore the capabilities of dust emission and rays for probing the properties of the interstellar medium in the nearby anti-centre region, using gamma-ray observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), and the thermal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-10 Q. Remy , I. A. Grenier , D. J. Marshall , J. M. Casandjian

We examine the nature of kpc-scale clumps seen in high-redshift galaxies using a suite of cosmological simulations of galaxy formation. We identify rest-frame UV clumps in mock HST images smoothed to 500 pc resolution, and compare them with…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-16 Xi Meng , Oleg Y. Gnedin

Modern spacecraft are increasingly relying on machine learning (ML). However, physical equipment in space is subject to various natural hazards, such as radiation, which may inhibit the correct operation of computing devices. Despite plenty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Kevin Lange , Federico Fontana , Francesco Rossi , Mattia Varile , Giovanni Apruzzese

Memory interference may heavily inflate task execution times in Heterogeneous Systems-on-Chips (HeSoCs). Knowing worst-case interference is consequently fundamental for supporting the correct execution of time-sensitive applications. In…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Lorenzo Carletti , Gianluca Brilli , Alessandro Capotondi , Paolo Valente , Andrea Marongiu

Cosmic rays are nowadays a crucial tool to study the astrophysics of extreme objects in the Universe, the cosmic environmental plasma (both Galactic and extra-galactic), the physics of nuclear interactions or the properties of elementary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-16 Pedro de la Torre Luque

We experimentally demonstrate a new widespread read disturbance phenomenon, ColumnDisturb, in real commodity DRAM chips. By repeatedly opening or keeping a DRAM row (aggressor row) open, we show that it is possible to disturb DRAM cells…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-20 İsmail Emir Yüksel , Ataberk Olgun , F. Nisa Bostancı , Haocong Luo , A. Giray Yağlıkçı , Onur Mutlu

Within a few parsecs around the central Black Hole Sgr A*, chemistry in the dense molecular cloud material of the circumnuclear disk (CND) can be affected by many energetic phenomena such as high UV-flux from the massive central star…

Fault-tolerant quantum computation relies on the assumption of time-invariant, sufficiently low physical error rates. However, current superconducting quantum computers suffer from frequent disruptive noise events, including cosmic ray…

It is generally accepted that radio relics are the result of synchrotron emission from shock-accelerated electrons. Current models, however, are still unable to explain several aspects of their formation. In this paper, we focus on three…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-02 Joseph Whittingham , Christoph Pfrommer , Maria Werhahn , Léna Jlassi , Philipp Girichidis

We analyze the short cosmic ray intensity increase ("cosmic ray burst": CRB) on June 22, 2015 utilizing a global network of muon detectors and derive the global anisotropy of cosmic ray intensity and the density (i.e. the omnidirectional…