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We provide a general theory of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for inferring high dimensional latent variable models. In particular, we make two contributions: (i) For parameter estimation, we propose a novel high dimensional EM…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-01-28 Zhaoran Wang , Quanquan Gu , Yang Ning , Han Liu

This paper is concerned with an important issue in finite mixture modelling, the selection of the number of mixing components. We propose a new penalized likelihood method for model selection of finite multivariate Gaussian mixture models.…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-01-17 Tao Huang , Heng Peng , Kun Zhang

The convergence of expectation-maximization (EM)-based algorithms typically requires continuity of the likelihood function with respect to all the unknown parameters (optimization variables). The requirement is not met when parameters…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-18 Geethu Joseph

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are fundamental statistical tools for modeling heterogeneous data. Due to the nonconcavity of the likelihood function, the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is widely used for parameter estimation of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Xin Bing , Dehan Kong , Bingqing Li

In this paper we provide a new analysis of the SEM algorithm. Unlike previous work, we focus on the analysis of a single run of the algorithm. First, we discuss the algorithm for general mixture distributions. Second, we consider Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-07-03 Johannes Blömer , Kathrin Bujna , Daniel Kuntze

Comparative and evolutive ecologists are interested in the distribution of quantitative traits among related species. The classical framework for these distributions consists of a random process running along the branches of a phylogenetic…

Applications · Statistics 2017-08-24 Paul Bastide , Mahendra Mariadassou , Stéphane Robin

We consider the identification of non-causal systems with arbitrary switching modes (NCS-ASM), a class of models essential for describing typical power load management and department store inventory dynamics. The simultaneous identification…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Yanxin Zhang , Chengpu Yu , Filippo Fabiani

In this work, a new two-stage identification method based on dynamic programming and sparsity inducing is proposed for switched linear systems. Our method achieves sparsity inducing in the identification of switched linear systems by the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Zheng Wenju , Ye Hao

In this work, a data-driven modeling framework of switched dynamical systems under time-dependent switching is proposed. The learning technique utilized to model system dynamics is Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). First, a method is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-27 Weiming Xiang

Mini-batch algorithms have become increasingly popular due to the requirement for solving optimization problems, based on large-scale data sets. Using an existing online expectation-{}-maximization (EM) algorithm framework, we demonstrate…

Computation · Statistics 2019-09-09 H D Nguyen , F Forbes , G J McLachlan

This paper proposes maximum (quasi)likelihood estimation for high dimensional factor models with regime switching in the loadings. The model parameters are estimated jointly by the EM (expectation maximization) algorithm, which in the…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-11 Giovanni Urga , Fa Wang

Expectation Maximization (EM) is the standard method to learn Gaussian mixtures. Yet its classic, centralized form is often infeasible, due to privacy concerns and computational and communication bottlenecks. Prior work dealt with data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Pedro Valdeira , Cláudia Soares , João Xavier

Likelihood-based inference in stochastic non-linear dynamical systems, such as those found in chemical reaction networks and biological clock systems, is inherently complex and has largely been limited to small and unrealistically simple…

Computation · Statistics 2024-07-08 Ben Swallow , David A. Rand , Giorgos Minas

To deal with very large datasets a mini-batch version of the Monte Carlo Markov Chain Stochastic Approximation Expectation-Maximization algorithm for general latent variable models is proposed. For exponential models the algorithm is shown…

Computation · Statistics 2023-08-30 Tabea Rebafka , Estelle Kuhn , Catherine Matias

Expectation maximisation (EM) is an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a finite mixture distribution. It works by introducing "hidden" or "latent" variables via Baum's auxiliary function $Q$ that allow the joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Graham W. Pulford

This paper considers estimating the parameters in a regime-switching stochastic differential equation(SDE) driven by Normal Inverse Gaussian(NIG) noise. The model under consideration incorporates a continuous-time finite state Markov chain…

Computation · Statistics 2024-12-10 Yuzhong Cheng , Hiroki Masuda

The EM (Expectation-Maximization) algorithm is regarded as an MM (Majorization-Minimization) algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation of statistical models. Expanding this view, this paper demonstrates that by choosing an appropriate…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Kensuke Asai , Jun-ya Gotoh

Gaussian process state-space models (GP-SSMs) are a very flexible family of models of nonlinear dynamical systems. They comprise a Bayesian nonparametric representation of the dynamics of the system and additional (hyper-)parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-18 Roger Frigola , Fredrik Lindsten , Thomas B. Schön , Carl E. Rasmussen

For the identification of switched systems with a measured switching signal, this work aims to analyze the effect of switching strategies on the estimation error. The data for identification is assumed to be collected from globally…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-26 Shengling Shi , Othmane Mazhar , Bart De Schutter

The estimation of static parameters in dynamical systems and control theory has been extensively studied, with significant progress made in estimating varying parameters in specific system types. Suppose, in the general case, we have data…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Jamiree Harrison , Enoch Yeung