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In many contexts it is extremely costly to perform enough high quality experimental measurements to accurately parameterize a predictive quantitative model. However, it is often much easier to carry out large numbers of experiments that…
A simple minimalist argument is given for why some correlations between quantum systems boggle our classical intuition. The argument relies on two elementary physical assumptions, and recovers the standard experimentally-testable Bell…
Conducting a randomization test is a common method for testing causal null hypotheses in randomized experiments. The popularity of randomization tests is largely because their statistical validity only depends on the randomization design,…
According to the Bell theorem, local hidden variable theories cannot reproduce all the predictions of quantum mechanics. An important consequence is that under physically reasonable assumptions quantum mechanics predicts correlations that…
Although the realization of useful quantum computers poses significant challenges, swift progress in emerging quantum technologies is making this goal realistically approachable. In this context, one of the essential resources is quantum…
We experimentally realize a nonlinear quantum protocol on single-photon qubits with linear optical elements and appropriate measurements. The quantum nonlinearity is induced by post-selecting the polarization qubit based on a measurement…
It is well known that a quantum correlated probe can yield better precision in estimating an unknown parameter than classically possible. However, how such a quantum probe should be measured remains somewhat elusive. We examine the role of…
A fundamental problem in statistics is to compare the outcomes attained by members of subpopulations. This problem arises in the analysis of randomized controlled trials, in the analysis of A/B tests, and in the assessment of fairness and…
Quantum nonlocality offers a secure way to produce random numbers: their unpredictability is intrinsic and can be certified just by observing the statistic of the measurement outcomes, without assumptions on how they are produced. To do…
The purpose of this short tutorial paper is to review various criteria that have been used to characterize the quantum character of correlations in optical systems, such as "gemellity", QND correlation, intrication, EPR correlation and Bell…
Testing effect size homogeneity is an essential part when conducting a meta-analysis. Comparative studies of effect size homogeneity tests in case of binary outcomes are found in the literature, but no test has come out as an absolute…
We explore ways to quantify multipartite correlations, in quantum information and in holography. We focus on optimized correlation measures, linear combinations of entropies minimized over all possible purifications of a state that satisfy…
We introduce a technique for the suppression of state-dependent and correlated measurement errors, which are commonly observed on modern superconducting quantum devices. Our method leverages previous results, establishing that correlated…
Covariance matrices are a useful tool to investigate correlations and entanglement in quantum systems. They are widely used in continuous variable systems, but recently also for finite dimensional systems powerful entanglement criteria in…
The emergence of realistic properties is a key problem in understanding the quantum-to-classical transition. In this respect, measurements represent a way to interface quantum systems with the macroscopic world: these can be driven in the…
We show that the detection efficiencies required for closing the detection loophole in Bell tests can be significantly lowered using quantum systems of dimension larger than two. We introduce a series of asymmetric Bell tests for which an…
We perform experimental quantum polarimetry using a heralded single photon to analyze the optical activity of linearly polarized light traversing a chiral medium. Three kinds of estimators are considered to estimate the concentrations of…
The incompatibility of quantum measurements, i.e. the fact that certain observable quantities cannot be measured jointly is widely regarded as a distinctive quantum feature with important implications for the foundations and the…
Quantum measurements with feed-forward are crucial components of fault-tolerant quantum computers. We show how the error rate of such a measurement can be directly estimated by fitting the probability that successive randomly compiled…
Quantum sensing encompasses highly promising techniques with diverse applications including noise-reduced imaging, super-resolution microscopy as well as imaging and spectroscopy in challenging spectral ranges. These detection schemes use…