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In this paper, we investigate the thermalization of Hawking radiation from primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe, taking into account the interference effect on thermalization of high energy particles, known as…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-01 Minxi He , Kazunori Kohri , Kyohei Mukaida , Masaki Yamada

Light primordial black holes heat the surrounding plasma via Hawking radiation, forming localized hotspots whose temperature may far exceed that of the cosmological background. Previous studies of hotspot formation and cooling have treated…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-12 Doojin Kim , TaeHun Kim , Jong-Chul Park , Jong-Hyun Yoon

When primordial black holes (PBHs) evaporate, they deposit energy in the surrounding plasma, leading to temperature gradients, or hot spots, that evolve during the evaporation process. Motivated by recent studies suggesting that a memory…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-24 Nathaniel Levy , Lucien Heurtier

To alleviate the black-hole (BH) information problem, we study a holographic-principle-inspired nonlocal model of Hawking radiation in which radiated particles created at different times all have the same temperature corresponding to the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Nikolic

Upon their evaporation via Hawking radiation, primordial black holes (PBHs) may deposit energy in the ambient plasma on scales smaller than the typical distance between two black holes, leading to the formation of hot spots around them. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Clelia Altomonte , Malcolm Fairbairn , Lucien Heurtier

We investigate the impact of a finite temperature environment on the Hawking radiation from black holes (BHs), with particular focus on Kerr BHs immersed in a cosmological thermal bath. The emitted particles from BHs interact with the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-08 Ayan Chatterjee , Jitumani Kalita , Debaprasad Maity

The Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBH) reheats the Universe locally, forming hot spots that survive throughout their lifetime. We propose to use the temperature profile of such hot spots to calculate the decay rate of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-10-15 Louis Hamaide , Lucien Heurtier , Shi-Qian Hu , Andrew Cheek

The quantum genesis of Hawking radiation is a long-standing puzzle in black hole physics. Semi-classically one can argue that the spectrum of radiation emitted by a black hole look very much sparse unlike what is expected from a thermal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-05 Kinjalk Lochan , Sumanta Chakraborty

We perform the thermodynamic analysis of a black hole (BH) immersed in a dark matter halo (DMH). It is shown that the BH could not be in thermal equilibrium with the DMH in any regions outside the event horizon. This means that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Yun Soo Myung

In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamic and radiative properties of a regular black hole sourced by a dark matter halo described by the Einasto density profile. The closed-form expressions for the Hawking temperature, specific heat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Faizuddin Ahmed , Edilberto O. Silva

The possibility that dark matter particles could be constituted by extreme regular primordial black holes is discussed. Extreme black holes have zero surface temperature, and are not subjected to the Hawking evaporation process. Assuming…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-14 José Antonio de Freitas Pacheco

Hawking radiation from a non-extremal black hole is known to be approximately Planckian. The thermal spectrum receives multiple corrections including greybody factors and due to kinematical restrictions on the infrared and ultraviolet…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-22 Jitumani Kalita , Debaprasad Maity , Ayan Chatterjee

We measure the correlation spectrum of the Hawking radiation emitted by an analogue black hole and find it to be thermal at the Hawking temperature implied by the analogue surface gravity. The Hawking radiation is in the regime of linear…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-24 Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova , Katrine Golubkov , Victor I. Kolobov , Jeff Steinhauer

Vacuum polarization in a strong field, such as Hawking radiation from black holes, is constrained by the directional metric of strong field vectors. Relative localization of the quanta and the Schwarzschild radius is examined. Concept of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yoshiyuki Takahashi

Microscopic black holes explode with their temperature varying inversely as their mass. Such explosions would lead to the highest temperatures in the present universe, all the way to the Planck energy. The possibility that a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joseph I Kapusta

Recently, an alleged plausible astrophysical scenario was proposed for the production of observed thermal gamma-ray bursts, via Hawking radiation emitted from a primordial black hole (PBH) freely falling into a more massive black hole. Here…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-08 Tyler McMaken

The present equilibrium formulation of thermodynamics for black holes has several drawbacks, such as assuming the same temperature for black hole and heat bath. Recently the author formulated non-equilibrium thermodynamics for glassy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

The horizon structure and thermodynamics of hairy spherically symmetric black holes generated by the gravitational decoupling method are carefully investigated. The temperature and heat capacity of the black hole is determined, as well as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-11 Rogerio T. Cavalcanti , Kelvin dos S. Alves , Julio M. Hoff da Silva

We quantize a scalar field at finite temperature T in the background of a classical black hole, adopting 't Hooft's ``brick wall'' model with generic mixed boundary conditions at the brick wall boundary. We first focus on the exactly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Giuseppe Milanesi , Mihail Mintchev

A local Hawking temperature was recently derived for any future outer trapping horizon in spherical symmetry, using a Hamilton-Jacobi tunneling method, and is given by a dynamical surface gravity as defined geometrically. Descriptions are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-19 Sean A. Hayward , R. Di Criscienzo , M. Nadalini , L. Vanzo , S. Zerbini
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