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Automatically generating training supervision for embodied tasks is crucial, as manual designing is tedious and not scalable. While prior works use large language models (LLMs) or vision-language models (VLMs) to generate rewards, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xiaowen Qiu , Yian Wang , Jiting Cai , Zhehuan Chen , Chunru Lin , Tsun-Hsuan Wang , Chuang Gan

Autonomous control systems face significant challenges in performing complex tasks in the presence of latent risks. To address this, we propose an integrated framework that combines Large Language Models (LLMs), numerical optimization, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-08 Xiyu Deng , Quan Khanh Luu , Anh Van Ho , Yorie Nakahira

Latent representation learned from multi-layered neural networks via hierarchical feature abstraction enables recent success of deep learning. Under the deep learning framework, generalization performance highly depends on the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Hyo-Eun Kim , Sangheum Hwang , Kyunghyun Cho

To assist with everyday human activities, robots must solve complex long-horizon tasks and generalize to new settings. Recent deep reinforcement learning (RL) methods show promise in fully autonomous learning, but they struggle to reach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Shuo Cheng , Danfei Xu

State-of-the-art Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) for learning disentangled latent representations give impressive results in discovering features like pitch, pause duration, and accent in speech data, leading to highly controllable…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Shakti Kumar , Jithin Pradeep , Hussain Zaidi

This paper investigates the challenges and potential solutions for improving machine learning systems for low-resource languages. State-of-the-art models in natural language processing (NLP), text-to-speech (TTS), speech-to-text (STT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Yurii Paniv

Vision-language-action (VLA) models finetuned from vision-language models (VLMs) hold the promise of leveraging rich pretrained representations to build generalist robots across diverse tasks and environments. However, direct fine-tuning on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Shresth Grover , Akshay Gopalkrishnan , Bo Ai , Henrik I. Christensen , Hao Su , Xuanlin Li

We use multilayer Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks to learn representations of video sequences. Our model uses an encoder LSTM to map an input sequence into a fixed length representation. This representation is decoded using single or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-05 Nitish Srivastava , Elman Mansimov , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Recent work has shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be incredibly effective for offline reinforcement learning (RL) by representing the traditional RL problem as a sequence modelling problem (Chen et al., 2021; Janner et al., 2021).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Shyam Sudhakaran , Sebastian Risi

Transformer has been widely used for self-supervised pre-training in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and achieved great success. However, it has not been fully explored in visual self-supervised learning. Meanwhile, previous methods only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Zhaowen Li , Zhiyang Chen , Fan Yang , Wei Li , Yousong Zhu , Chaoyang Zhao , Rui Deng , Liwei Wu , Rui Zhao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Latent variable models like the Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) are commonly used to learn representations of images. However, for downstream tasks like semantic classification, the representations learned by VAE are less competitive than…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-31 Mingtian Zhang , Tim Z. Xiao , Brooks Paige , David Barber

Acquiring a diverse repertoire of general-purpose skills remains an open challenge for robotics. In this work, we propose self-supervising control on top of human teleoperated play data as a way to scale up skill learning. Play has two…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Corey Lynch , Mohi Khansari , Ted Xiao , Vikash Kumar , Jonathan Tompson , Sergey Levine , Pierre Sermanet

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased impressive capabilities in text comprehension and generation, prompting research efforts towards video LLMs to facilitate human-AI interaction at the video level. However, how to effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Ruyang Liu , Chen Li , Haoran Tang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Ge Li

Quantization is the key method for reducing inference latency, power and memory footprint of generative AI models. However, accuracy often degrades sharply when activations are quantized below eight bits. Recent work suggests that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Marco Federici , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Boris van Breugel , Paul Whatmough , Markus Nagel

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in in-context learning (ICL), where models adapt to new tasks through example-based prompts without requiring parameter updates. However, understanding how tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Baturay Saglam , Xinyang Hu , Zhuoran Yang , Dionysis Kalogerias , Amin Karbasi

In the quest for next-generation sequence modeling architectures, State Space Models (SSMs) have emerged as a potent alternative to transformers, particularly for their computational efficiency and suitability for dynamical systems. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Steven Abreu , Jens E. Pedersen , Kade M. Heckel , Alessandro Pierro

Visual question answering (VQA) is crucial for promoting surgical education. In practice, the needs of trainees are constantly evolving, such as learning more surgical types, adapting to different robots, and learning new surgical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Yuyang Du , Kexin Chen , Yue Zhan , Chang Han Low , Tao You , Mobarakol Islam , Ziyu Guo , Yueming Jin , Guangyong Chen , Pheng-Ann Heng

Contrastive learning is among the most popular and powerful approaches for self-supervised representation learning, where the goal is to map semantically similar samples close together while separating dissimilar ones in the latent space.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-03 Ali Alvandi , Mina Rezaei

While reinforcement learning (RL) methods that learn an internal model of the environment have the potential to be more sample efficient than their model-free counterparts, learning to model raw observations from high dimensional sensors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Raj Ghugare , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Benjamin Eysenbach , Sergey Levine , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Real-world sequential decision-making often involves parameterized action spaces that require both, decisions regarding discrete actions and decisions about continuous action parameters governing how an action is executed. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Rashmeet Kaur Nayyar , Naman Shah , Siddharth Srivastava