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In this paper, we draw attention to a problem that is often overlooked or ignored by companies practicing hypothesis testing (A/B testing) in online environments. We show that conducting experiments on limited inventory that is shared…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Dennis Bohle , Alexander Marynych , Matthias Meiners

Compared to p-values, e-values provably guarantee safe, valid inference. If the goal is to test multiple hypotheses simultaneously, one can construct e-values for each individual test and then use the recently developed e-BH procedure to…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-03 Neil Dey , Ryan Martin , Jonathan P. Williams

In modern scientific experiments, we frequently encounter data that have large dimensions, and in some experiments, such high dimensional data arrive sequentially rather than full data being available all at a time. We develop multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-09 Rahul Roy , Shyamal K. De , Subir Kumar Bhandari

When hypotheses are tested in a stream and real-time decision-making is needed, online sequential hypothesis testing procedures are needed. Furthermore, these hypotheses are commonly partitioned into groups by their nature. For example, the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Runqiu Wang , Ran Dai

We consider a multiple hypothesis testing setting where the hypotheses are ordered and one is only permitted to reject an initial contiguous block, H_1,\dots,H_k, of hypotheses. A rejection rule in this setting amounts to a procedure for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Max Grazier G'Sell , Stefan Wager , Alexandra Chouldechova , Robert Tibshirani

The problem of multiple hypothesis testing arises when there are more than one hypothesis to be tested simultaneously for statistical significance. This is a very common situation in many data mining applications. For instance, assessing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2009-06-30 Sami Hanhijärvi , Kai Puolamäki , Gemma C. Garriga

We consider the problem of multiple hypothesis testing with generic side information: for each hypothesis $H_i$ we observe both a p-value $p_i$ and some predictor $x_i$ encoding contextual information about the hypothesis. For large-scale…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-26 Lihua Lei , William Fithian

We propose a nonparametric sequential test that aims to address two practical problems pertinent to online randomized experiments: (i) how to do a hypothesis test for complex metrics; (ii) how to prevent type $1$ error inflation under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-28 Vineet Abhishek , Shie Mannor

Contextual online decision-making problems with constraints appear in a wide range of real-world applications, such as adaptive experimental design under safety constraints, personalized recommendation with resource limits, and dynamic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-23 Haichen Hu , David Simchi-Levi , Navid Azizan

Platform trials evaluate multiple experimental treatments under a single master protocol, where new treatment arms are added to the trial over time. Given the multiple treatment comparisons, there is the potential for inflation of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-09 David S. Robertson , James M. S. Wason , Franz König , Martin Posch , Thomas Jaki

The closure and the partitioning principles have been used to build various multiple testing procedures in the past three decades. The essence of these two principles is based on parameter space partitioning. In this article, we propose a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-20 Huajiang Li , Hong Zhou

Sequential hypothesis testing asks for decision rules that update as data arrive. A natural goal is \emph{eventual correctness}: the rule may change its mind early on, but it should make only finitely many wrong decisions almost surely.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Amir Leshem

Adaptive online testing efficiently assesses examinee proficiency by dynamically adjusting the difficulty of test items based on their performance. To achieve this, items are selected so that their difficulty closely matches the test…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-21 Hideo Hirose

Online evaluation of machine learning models is typically conducted through A/B experiments. Sequential statistical tests are valuable tools for analysing these experiments, as they enable researchers to stop data collection early without…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-08 Alexey Kurennoy , Majed Dodin , Tural Gurbanov , Ana Peleteiro Ramallo

Standard multiple testing procedures are designed to report a list of discoveries, or suspected false null hypotheses, given the hypotheses' p-values or test scores. Recently there has been a growing interest in enhancing such procedures by…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-29 Jack Freestone , William Stafford Noble , Uri Keich

Hypothesis testing via e-variables can be framed as a sequential betting game, where a player each round picks an e-variable. A good player's strategy results in an effective statistical test that rejects the null hypothesis as soon as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-30 Eugenio Clerico

In this paper, we propose a general method for testing composite hypotheses. Our idea is to use confidence limits to define stopping and decision rules. The requirements of operating characteristic function can be satisfied by adjusting the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-10 Xinjia Chen

Conventional multiple hypothesis tests use step-up, step-down, or closed testing methods to control the overall error rates. We will discuss marrying these methods with adaptive multistage sampling rules and stopping rules to perform…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-07-12 Jay Bartroff , Tze Leung Lai

We introduce a novel online multitask setting. In this setting each task is partitioned into a sequence of segments that is unknown to the learner. Associated with each segment is a hypothesis from some hypothesis class. We give algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Mark Herbster , Stephen Pasteris , Lisa Tse

Recent tools for interactive data exploration significantly increase the chance that users make false discoveries. The crux is that these tools implicitly allow the user to test a large body of different hypotheses with just a few clicks…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Zheguang Zhao , Lorenzo De Stefani , Emanuel Zgraggen , Carsten Binnig , Eli Upfal , Tim Kraska