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Generative diffusion models use time-forward and backward stochastic differential equations to connect the data and prior distributions. While conventional diffusion models (e.g., score-based models) only learn the backward process, more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Kentaro Kaba , Reo Shimizu , Masayuki Ohzeki , Yuki Sughiyama

Beam alignment is a key challenge in directional mmWave and THz systems, where narrow beams require accurate yet low-overhead training. Existing learning-based approaches typically predict a single beam and do not quantify uncertainty,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Esraa Fahmy Othman , Lina Bariah , Merouane Debbah

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

Diffusion models are commonly interpreted as learning the score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-density of noisy data. However, this assumption implies that the target of learning is a conservative vector field, which is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 An B. Vuong , Michael T. McCann , Javier E. Santos , Yen Ting Lin

Diffusion-based methods represented as stochastic differential equations on a continuous-time domain have recently proven successful as a non-adversarial generative model. Training such models relies on denoising score matching, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Sarthak Mittal , Korbinian Abstreiter , Stefan Bauer , Bernhard Schölkopf , Arash Mehrjou

We describe the processes obtained by time reversal of a class of stationary jump-diffusion processes that model the dynamics of genetic variation in populations subject to repeated bottlenecks. Assuming that only one lineage survives each…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-25 Martin Hutzenthaler , Jesse E. Taylor

Recently, score-based diffusion models have shown satisfactory performance in MRI reconstruction. Most of these methods require a large amount of fully sampled MRI data as a training set, which, sometimes, is difficult to acquire in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-05 Zhuo-Xu Cui , Chentao Cao , Shaonan Liu , Qingyong Zhu , Jing Cheng , Haifeng Wang , Yanjie Zhu , Dong Liang

Diffusion bridges (DB) have emerged as a promising alternative to diffusion models for imaging inverse problems, achieving faster sampling by directly bridging low- and high-quality image distributions. While incorporating measurement…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-26 Yuyang Hu , Albert Peng , Weijie Gan , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

We introduce a score-based generative sampling method for solving the nonlinear filtering problem with robust accuracy. A major drawback of existing nonlinear filtering methods, e.g., particle filters, is the low stability. To overcome this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Feng Bao , Zezhong Zhang , Guannan Zhang

Diffusion models (DMs) have become the dominant paradigm of generative modeling in a variety of domains by learning stochastic processes from noise to data. Recently, diffusion denoising bridge models (DDBMs), a new formulation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Guande He , Kaiwen Zheng , Jianfei Chen , Fan Bao , Jun Zhu

We propose score dynamics (SD), a general framework for learning accelerated evolution operators with large timesteps from molecular-dynamics simulations. SD is centered around scores, or derivatives of the transition log-probability with…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Tim Hsu , Babak Sadigh , Vasily Bulatov , Fei Zhou

Diffusion models have recently shown considerable potential in solving Bayesian inverse problems when used as priors. However, sampling from the resulting denoising posterior distributions remains a challenge as it involves intractable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-25 Badr Moufad , Yazid Janati , Lisa Bedin , Alain Durmus , Randal Douc , Eric Moulines , Jimmy Olsson

Sampling based on score diffusions has led to striking empirical results, and has attracted considerable attention from various research communities. It depends on availability of (approximate) Stein score functions for various levels of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 M. J. Wainwright

Animals learn the timing between consecutive events very easily. Their precision is usually proportional to the interval to time (Weber's law for timing). Most current timing models either require a central clock and unbounded accumulator…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2011-03-15 Francois Rivest , Yoshua Bengio

With significant advancements in diffusion models, addressing the potential risks of dataset bias becomes increasingly important. Since generated outputs directly suffer from dataset bias, mitigating latent bias becomes a key factor in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yeongmin Kim , Byeonghu Na , Minsang Park , JoonHo Jang , Dongjun Kim , Wanmo Kang , Il-Chul Moon

We consider the problem of parameter estimation for a class of continuous-time state space models. In particular, we explore the case of a partially observed diffusion, with data also arriving according to a diffusion process. Based upon a…

Computation · Statistics 2021-03-16 Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan , Ajay Jasra , Nikolas Kantas , Hamza Ruzayqat

The objective for establishing dense correspondence between paired images consists of two terms: a data term and a prior term. While conventional techniques focused on defining hand-designed prior terms, which are difficult to formulate,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Jisu Nam , Gyuseong Lee , Sunwoo Kim , Hyeonsu Kim , Hyoungwon Cho , Seyeon Kim , Seungryong Kim

Employing a forward diffusion chain to gradually map the data to a noise distribution, diffusion-based generative models learn how to generate the data by inferring a reverse diffusion chain. However, this approach is slow and costly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-09-08 Huangjie Zheng , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Sampling from a distribution $p(x) \propto e^{-\mathcal{E}(x)}$ known up to a normalising constant is an important and challenging problem in statistics. Recent years have seen the rise of a new family of amortised sampling algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Arran Carter , Sanghyeok Choi , Kirill Tamogashev , Víctor Elvira , Esmeralda S. Whitammer

We introduce a model-agnostic forward diffusion process for time-series forecasting that decomposes signals into spectral components, preserving structured temporal patterns such as seasonality more effectively than standard diffusion.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-17 Francisco Caldas , Sahil Kumar , Cláudia Soares
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