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Large language models (LLMs) have facilitated the generation of high-quality, cost-effective synthetic data for developing downstream models and conducting statistical analyses in various domains. However, the increased reliance on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yixin Wu , Ziqing Yang , Yun Shen , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

As API access becomes a primary interface to large language models (LLMs), users often interact with black-box systems that offer little transparency into the deployed model. To reduce costs or maliciously alter model behaviors, API…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xiaoyuan Zhu , Yaowen Ye , Tianyi Qiu , Hanlin Zhu , Sijun Tan , Ajraf Mannan , Jonathan Michala , Raluca Ada Popa , Willie Neiswanger

Machine learning (ML) is becoming a commodity. Numerous ML frameworks and services are available to data holders who are not ML experts but want to train predictive models on their data. It is important that ML models trained on sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Congzheng Song , Thomas Ristenpart , Vitaly Shmatikov

In this study, we take a departure and explore an explainability-driven strategy to data auditing, where actionable insights into the data at hand are discovered through the eyes of quantitative explainability on the behaviour of a dummy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Alexander Wong , Adam Dorfman , Paul McInnis , Hayden Gunraj

Data quality affects machine learning (ML) model performances, and data scientists spend considerable amount of time on data cleaning before model training. However, to date, there does not exist a rigorous study on how exactly cleaning…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Peng Li , Xi Rao , Jennifer Blase , Yue Zhang , Xu Chu , Ce Zhang

Machine unlearning, i.e. having a model forget about some of its training data, has become increasingly more important as privacy legislation promotes variants of the right-to-be-forgotten. In the context of deep learning, approaches for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Anvith Thudi , Hengrui Jia , Ilia Shumailov , Nicolas Papernot

The right to be forgotten states that a data owner has the right to erase their data from an entity storing it. In the context of machine learning (ML), the right to be forgotten requires an ML model owner to remove the data owner's data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Min Chen , Zhikun Zhang , Tianhao Wang , Michael Backes , Mathias Humbert , Yang Zhang

The increasing availability of Machine Learning (ML) models, particularly foundation models, enables their use across a range of downstream applications, from scenarios with missing data to safety-critical contexts. This, in principle, may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zohaib Arshid , Daniele Bifolco , Fiorella Zampetti , Massimiliano Di Penta

The use of personal data for training machine learning systems comes with a privacy threat and measuring the level of privacy of a model is one of the major challenges in machine learning today. Identifying training data based on a trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Ganesh Del Grosso , Hamid Jalalzai , Georg Pichler , Catuscia Palamidessi , Pablo Piantanida

Machine learning (ML) models may be deemed confidential due to their sensitive training data, commercial value, or use in security applications. Increasingly often, confidential ML models are being deployed with publicly accessible query…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Florian Tramèr , Fan Zhang , Ari Juels , Michael K. Reiter , Thomas Ristenpart

Nowadays, systems containing components based on machine learning (ML) methods are becoming more widespread. In order to ensure the intended behavior of a software system, there are standards that define necessary quality aspects of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Julien Siebert , Lisa Joeckel , Jens Heidrich , Koji Nakamichi , Kyoko Ohashi , Isao Namba , Rieko Yamamoto , Mikio Aoyama

International audit standards require the direct assessment of a financial statement's underlying accounting journal entries. Driven by advances in artificial intelligence, deep-learning inspired audit techniques emerged to examine vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Hamed Hemati , Marco Schreyer , Damian Borth

Modern applications are increasingly driven by Machine Learning (ML) models whose non-deterministic behavior is affecting the entire application life cycle from design to operation. The pervasive adoption of ML is urgently calling for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Marco Anisetti , Claudio A. Ardagna , Nicola Bena , Ernesto Damiani , Paolo G. Panero

With the implementation of personal data privacy regulations, the field of machine learning (ML) faces the challenge of the "right to be forgotten". Machine unlearning has emerged to address this issue, aiming to delete data and reduce its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yi Xu

Recently, machine and deep learning (ML/DL) algorithms have been increasingly adopted in many software systems. Due to their inductive nature, ensuring the quality of these systems remains a significant challenge for the research community.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh , Armstrong Foundjem , Zhen Ming , Jiang , Mouna Abidi , Ahmed E. Hassan

Machine learning models built on datasets containing discriminative instances attributed to various underlying factors result in biased and unfair outcomes. It's a well founded and intuitive fact that existing bias mitigation strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Bhushan Chaudhari , Akash Agarwal , Tanmoy Bhowmik

Data heterogeneity plays a pivotal role in determining the performance of machine learning (ML) systems. Traditional algorithms, which are typically designed to optimize average performance, often overlook the intrinsic diversity within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiashuo Liu , Peng Cui

We study the question of how well machine learning (ML) models trained on a certain data set provide privacy for the training data, or equivalently, whether it is possible to reverse-engineer the training data from a given ML model. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Stefan Rass , Sandra König , Jasmin Wachter , Manuel Egger , Manuel Hobisch

Conventional evaluation methods for multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) lack interpretability and are often insufficient to fully disclose significant capability gaps across models. To address this, we introduce AuditDM, an automated framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Qihao Liu , Chengzhi Mao , Yaojie Liu , Alan Yuille , Wen-Sheng Chu

Machine Learning (ML) models are being increasingly employed for credit risk evaluation, with their effectiveness largely hinging on the quality of the input data. In this paper we investigate the impact of several data quality issues,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Andrea Maurino
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