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The effect of various velocity boundary condition is studied in two-dimensional Rayleigh-B\'enard convection. Combinations of no-slip, stress-free and periodic boundary conditions are used on both the sidewalls and the horizontal plates.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-01-09 Erwin P. van der Poel , Rodolfo Ostilla Mónico , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse

An experiment of thermal convection with significant compressible effects is presented. The high-gravity environment of a centrifuge and the choice of xenon gas enable us to observe an average adiabatic temperature gradient up to 3.5 K…

Flow reversals are rarely observed in low-Prandtl-number liquid metal convection due to the fluid's exceptionally high thermal diffusivity. Here, we demonstrate that an external transverse magnetic field can induce such reversals in a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-11 Yan-Wu Cao , Ming-Zhu Ai , Long Chen , Juan-Cheng Yang , Ming-Jiu Ni

Buoyancy-driven convection is likely the dominant driver of turbulent motions in the universe, and thus, is widely studied by physicists, engineers, geophysicists and astrophysicists. Maybe unsurprisingly, these different communities…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-09-09 Jonathan M. Aurnou , Susanne Horn , Keith Julien

In thermal convection, roughness is often used as a means to enhance heat transport, expressed in Nusselt number. Yet there is no consensus on whether the Nusselt vs. Rayleigh number scaling exponent ($\mathrm{Nu} \sim \mathrm{Ra}^\beta$)…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-10-18 Xiaojue Zhu , Richard J. A. M. Stevens , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse

Turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection displays a large-scale order in the form of rolls and cells on lengths larger than the layer height once the fluctuations of temperature and velocity are removed. These turbulent superstructures are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-05-30 Ambrish Pandey , Janet D. Scheel , Jörg Schumacher

We investigate the influence of the temperature boundary conditions at the sidewall on the heat transport in Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection using direct numerical simulations. For relatively low Rayleigh numbers Ra the heat transport is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-12-24 Richard J. A. M. Stevens , Detlef Lohse , Roberto Verzicco

A systematic theory for the scaling of the Nusselt number $Nu$ and of the Reynolds number $Re$ in strong Rayleigh-Benard convection is suggested and shown to be compatible with recent experiments. It assumes a coherent large scale…

chao-dyn · Physics 2017-05-17 Siegfried Grossmann , Detlef Lohse

We present a numerical study of vorticity production and transport in the two-dimensional Rayleigh-B\'enard (RB) convection. Direct numerical simulations are carried out in the Rayleigh number ($Ra$) range $10^{5}\le Ra \le 10^{6}$, the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-01-20 Ao Xu , Ben-Rui Xu , Li-Sheng Jiang , Heng-Dong Xi

In 1997, a Rayleigh-B\'enard experiment evidenced a significant increase of the heat transport efficiency for Rayleigh numbers larger than $Ra \sim 10^{12}$ and interpreted this observation as the signature of the Kraichnan's ``Ultime…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-02-07 Frédéric Gauthier , Philippe-Emmanuel P. -E. Roche

Recent findings suggest that wall-bounded turbulent flow can take different statistically stationary turbulent states, with different transport properties, even for the very same values of the control parameters. What state the system takes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-08-19 Qi Wang , Roberto Verzicco , Detlef Lohse , Olga Shishkina

This study explores heat and turbulent modulation in three-dimensional multiphase Rayleigh-B\'enard convection using direct numerical simulations. Two immiscible fluids with identical reference density undergo systematic variations in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-08-26 Abbas Moradi Bilondi , Nicolò Scapin , Luca Brandt , Parisa Mirbod

Convection plays a central role in the dynamics of any stellar interior, and yet its operation remains largely-hidden from direct observation. As a result, much of our understanding concerning stellar convection necessarily derives from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 Nicholas A. Featherstone , Bradley W. Hindman

The large-scale flow structure and the turbulent transfer of heat and momentum are directly measured in highly turbulent liquid metal convection experiments for Rayleigh numbers varied between $4 \times 10^5$ and $\leq 5 \times 10^9$ and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-04 Felix Schindler , Sven Eckert , Till Zürner , Jörg Schumacher , Tobias Vogt

We study the effects of rotation on the growth and saturation of the double-diffusive fingering (thermohaline) instability at low Prandtl number. Using direct numerical simulations, we estimate the compositional transport rates as a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 S. Sengupta , P. Garaud

A fluid between two spheres, concentric or not, at different temperatures will flow in the presence of a constant gravitational force. Although there is no possible hydrostatic state, energy transport is dominated by diffusion if…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-09-22 A. D. Gallegos , C. Malaga

In this study we consider the effect of a horizontal magnetic field on the Rayleigh-B\'enard convection in a finite liquid metal layer contained in a cuboid vessel (200 \times 200 \times 40 mm^3). Laboratory experiments are performed for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-07 J. C. Yang , T. Vogt , S. Eckert

Asymptotically large Reynolds number hydrodynamic turbulence is characterized by multi-scaling of moments of velocity increments and spatial derivatives. With decreasing Reynolds number toward $R_{\lambda}=R^{tr}_{\lambda}\approx 9.0$, the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-06-22 Victor Yakhot

Motivated by understanding the dynamics of stellar and planetary interiors, we have performed a set of direct numerical simulations of Boussinesq convection in a rotating full sphere. The domain is internally heated with fixed temperature…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-05 Yufeng Lin , Andrew Jackson

Most large-scale planetary magnetic fields are thought to be driven by low Rossby number convection of a low magnetic Prandtl number fluid. Here kinematic dynamo action is investigated with an asymptotic, rapidly rotating dynamo model for…

Geophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Michael A. Calkins , Louie Long , David Nieves , Keith Julien , Steven M. Tobias