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Intelligent metasurfaces have demonstrated great promise in revolutionizing wireless communications. One notable example is the two-dimensional (2D) programmable metasurface, which is also known as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jiancheng An , Mérouane Debbah , Tie Jun Cui , Zhi Ning Chen , Chau Yuen

This paper proposes a transmit beamforming strategy for the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems enabled by the novel stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) architecture, where the base station (BS) simultaneously performs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Shunyu Li , Fan Zhang , Tianqi Mao , Rui Na , Zhaocheng Wang , George K. Karagiannidis

In this paper, we explore the integration of low-power, low-cost stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIM) into cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems to enhance access point (AP) capabilities and address high…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Enyu Shi , Jiayi Zhang , Yiyang Zhu , Jiancheng An , Chau Yuen , Bo Ai

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) extend the concept of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces by cascading multiple programmable layers, enabling advanced electromagnetic wave transformations for communication and sensing applications.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Giuseppe Pettanice , Andrea Abrardo , Alberto Toccafondi , Marco Di Renzo

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems have gained increasing attention as a crucial supplement to terrestrial wireless networks due to their extensive coverage area. This letter presents a novel system design for LEO…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Shining Lin , Jiancheng An , Lu Gan , Mérouane Debbah , Chau Yuen

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) represent a novel signal processing paradigm that enables over-the-air processing of electromagnetic waves at the speed of light. Their multi-layer architecture exhibits customizable computational…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Hao Liu , Jiancheng An , George C. Alexandropoulos , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Chau Yuen , Lu Gan

The stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM), comprising multiple layers of reconfigurable transmissive metasurfaces, is becoming an increasingly viable solution for future wireless communication systems. In this paper, we explore the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Enyu Shi , Jiayi Zhang , Jiancheng An , Marco Di Renzo , Bo Ai , Chau Yuen

Stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) is an emerging design that consists of multiple layers of metasurfaces. A SIM enables holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) precoding in the wave domain, which results in the reduction of…

Large-scale multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems are capable of achieving high date rate. However, given the high hardware cost and excessive power consumption of massive MIMO systems, as a remedy, intelligent metasurfaces have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Qingchao Li , Mohammed El-Hajjar , Chao Xu , Jiancheng An , Chau Yuen , Lajos Hanzo

At the confluence of 6G, deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), DL-enabled text semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a 6G enabler since it minimizes bandwidth consumption, transmission delay, and power usage.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-27 Tilahun M. Getu , Georges Kaddoum , Mehdi Bennis

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) represent a key enabler for next-generation wireless networks, offering beamforming gains while significantly reducing radio-frequency chain requirements. In conventional space-only SIM architectures,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Donatella Darsena , Ivan Iudice , Vincenzo Galdi , Francesco Verde

Semantic Edge Computing (SEC) and Semantic Communications (SemComs) have been proposed as viable approaches to achieve real-time edge-enabled intelligence in sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. On one hand, SemCom leverages the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Milin Zhang , Mohammad Abdi , Venkat R. Dasari , Francesco Restuccia

Stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM) extends the concept of single-layer reconfigurable holographic surfaces (RHS) by incorporating a multi-layered structure, thereby providing enhanced control over electromagnetic wave propagation and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-24 Junjie Fang , Chao Zhang , Jiancheng An , Hongwen Yu , Qingqing Wu , Mérouane Debbah , Chau Yuen

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) represent transformative technologies for next-generation wireless communications, offering advanced control over electromagnetic wave propagation. While RIS have been extensively studied, Stacked…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Andrea Abrardo , Giulio Bartoli , Alberto Toccafondi

Stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have recently gained significant interest since they enable precoding in the wave domain that comes with increased processing capability and reduced energy consumption. The study of SIMs and high…

Most of current semantic communication (SemCom) frameworks focus on the image transmission, which, however, do not address the problem on how to deliver digital signals without any semantic features. This paper proposes a novel SemCom…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Zhigang Yan , Dong Li

As one of the most promising technologies for intellicise (intelligent and consice) wireless networks, Semantic Communication (SemCom) significantly improves communication efficiency by extracting, transmitting, and recovering semantic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Rui Meng , Song Gao , Haixiao Gao , Yinqiu Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Mengying Sun , Xiaodong Xu , Ping Zhang , Dusit Niyato

Electromagnetic (EM) sensing is a wide-spread contactless examination technique in science, engineering and military. However, conventional sensing systems are mostly lack of intelligence, which not only require expensive hardware and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-06 Hao-Yang Li , Han-Ting Zhao , Meng-Lin Wei , Heng-Xin Ruan , Ya Shuang , Tie Jun Cui , Lianlin Li

Cascaded or stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) have emerged as a promising technology to overcome the physical limitations of single-layer reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in wideband wireless communication. By intelligently…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Muhammad Ibrahim , Amine Mezghani , Ekram Hossain

We present a physically consistent multiport framework for stacked intelligent metasurfaces (SIMs) with linear and explicit nonlinear terminations. The model provides closed-form input--output relations in the linear case and fixed-point…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Andrea Abrardo , Alberto Toccafondi