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Active contour models based on local region fitting energy can segment images with intensity inhomogeneity effectively, but their segmentation results are easy to error if the initial contour is inappropriate. In this paper, we present a…

Successful scientific applications of large-scale molecular dynamics often rely on automated methods for identifying the local crystalline structure of condensed phases. Many existing methods for structural identification, such as Common…

Many of the fascinating and unconventional properties of several transition-metal compounds with partially filled d-shells are due to strong electronic correlations. While local correlations are in principle treated exactly within the frame…

We consider a nonlinear microcavity separating a waveguide channel into two parts so as the coupling between them is possible only due to the resonant properties of the microcavity. We provide a rigorous derivation of the equations used in…

This work reports a new methodology aimed at describing characteristics of protein structural shapes, and suggests a framework in which to resolve or classify automatically such structures into known families. This new approach to protein…

Elastomeric mechanical metamaterials exhibit unconventional behaviour, emerging from their microstructures often deforming in a highly nonlinear and unstable manner. Such microstructural pattern transformations lead to non-local behaviour…

We present a review of the basic ideas and techniques of the spectral density functional theory which are currently used in electronic structure calculations of strongly-correlated materials where the one-electron description breaks down.…

Internal properties of a sample can be observed by medical imaging tools, such as ultrasound devices, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) which are based on relying on changes in material density or…

We summarize recent progress on the theory and applications of structural identifiability of compartmental models. On the applications side, we review identifiability analyses undertaken recently for models arising in epidemiology,…

A geometrical interpretation of the $G$-structures associated to elastic material bodies is given. In addition, characterizations of their integrability are obtained. Since the lack of integrability is a geometrical measure of the lack of…

Accurate knowledge of temperatures in power semiconductor modules is crucial for proper thermal management of such devices. Precise prediction of temperatures allows to operate the system at the physical limit of the device avoiding…

Most elemental metals under ambient conditions adopt simple structures such as BCC, FCC and HCP in specific groupings across the Periodic Table, and on compression, many of these elements undergo transitions to surprisingly complex…

In the field of metamaterials, many intriguing phenomena arise from having a structure which is periodic in space. In time-dependent structures, conceptually similar properties can arise, which nevertheless have fundamentally different…

Many tools and techniques measure local structure in materials in contexts ranging from biology to geology. We provide a survey of those tools and metrics that are especially useful for analyzing particulate soft matter. The metrics we…

We present a high-accuracy procedure for electronic structure calculations of strongly correlated materials. To address limitations in current electronic structure methods, we employ density functional theory in combination with the…

Peridynamics provides a versatile tool for fracture modelling in materials where fracture pathways cannot be predicted beforehand, but must be envisaged as an emergent features of the deformation process. One class of materials where this…

This paper introduces a new representation method that is mainly based on chemical bonds among atoms in materials. Each chemical bond and its surrounded atoms are considered as a unified unit or a local structure that is expected to reflect…

Predicting electronic band structures from crystal structures is crucial for understanding structure-property correlations in materials science. First-principles approaches are accurate but computationally intensive. Recent years, machine…

Entangled measurement is a crucial tool in quantum technology. We propose a new entanglement measure of multi-mode detection, which estimates the amount of entanglement that can be created in a measurement. To illustrate the proposed…

In this work we present the results of a study of the possibility of using a homogeneous basis and a new generalization of coupled modes theory to describe inhomogeneous accelerating sections. It was shown that the single mode…