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Operating systems include many heuristic algorithms designed to improve overall storage performance and throughput. Because such heuristics cannot work well for all conditions and workloads, system designers resorted to exposing numerous…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable at small parameter scales. At the same time, conventional cloud-centric deployment introduces challenges around data privacy, latency, and cost that are acute in operational…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Harri Renney , Fouad Trad , Michael Mattarock , Zena Wood

Large Language Models (LLMs) face a crucial challenge from fixed context windows and inadequate memory management, leading to a severe shortage of long-term memory capabilities and limited personalization in the interactive experience with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jiazheng Kang , Mingming Ji , Zhe Zhao , Ting Bai

AI technologies, including deep learning, large-language models have gone from one breakthrough to the other. As a result, we are witnessing growing excitement in robotics at the prospect of leveraging the potential of AI to tackle some of…

Companies dealing with Artificial Intelligence (AI) models in Autonomous Systems (AS) face several problems, such as users' lack of trust in adverse or unknown conditions, gaps between software engineering and AI model development, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Silverio Martínez-Fernández , Xavier Franch , Andreas Jedlitschka , Marc Oriol , Adam Trendowicz

Current trends point to a future where large-scale scientific applications are tightly-coupled HPC/AI hybrids. Hence, we urgently need to invest in creating a seamless, scalable framework where HPC and AI/ML can efficiently work together…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jens Domke , Mohamed Wahib , Anshu Dubey , Tal Ben-Nun , Erik W. Draeger

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of AI agents that automate multiple stages of the data science workflow by integrating planning, tool use, and multimodal reasoning across text, code, tables, and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) deliver powerful AI capabilities but face deployment challenges due to high resource costs and latency, whereas Small Language Models (SLMs) offer efficiency and deployability at the cost of reduced performance.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yi Chen , JiaHao Zhao , HaoHao Han

High-performance computing (HPC) centers consume substantial power, incurring environmental and operational costs. This review assesses how artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and optimization, improves the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Pierrick Pochelu , Hyacinthe Cartiaux , Julien Schleich

This work examines how AI, especially agentic systems, is being adopted in engineering and manufacturing workflows, what value it provides today, and what is needed for broader deployment. This is an exploratory and qualitative…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kristen M. Edwards , Maxwell Bauer , Claire Jacquillat , A. John Hart , Faez Ahmed

Machine Learning (ML) is currently being exploited in numerous applications being one of the most effective Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, used in diverse fields, such as vision, autonomous systems, and alike. The trend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Cristiana Bolchini , Luca Cassano , Antonio Miele

It has been a long time that computer architecture and systems are optimized for efficient execution of machine learning (ML) models. Now, it is time to reconsider the relationship between ML and systems, and let ML transform the way that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Nan Wu , Yuan Xie

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the field of artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and moving towards multi-modal functionality.…

Utilising quantum computing technology to enhance artificial intelligence systems is expected to improve training and inference times, increase robustness against noise and adversarial attacks, and reduce the number of parameters without…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Mykhailo Klymenko , Thong Hoang , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Muhammad Usman , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu

Fast-evolving artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms such as large language models have been driving the ever-increasing computing demands in today's data centers. Heterogeneous computing with domain-specific architectures (DSAs) brings…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Zhuoping Yang , Shixin Ji , Xingzhen Chen , Jinming Zhuang , Weifeng Zhang , Dharmesh Jani , Peipei Zhou

Mathematical reasoning and optimization are fundamental to artificial intelligence and computational problem-solving. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved AI-driven mathematical reasoning, theorem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ali Forootani

AI agents have been developed for complex real-world tasks from coding to customer service. But AI agent evaluations suffer from many challenges that undermine our understanding of how well agents really work. We introduce the Holistic…

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has reshaped agent systems. Unlike traditional rule-based agents with limited task scope, LLM-powered agents offer greater flexibility, cross-domain reasoning, and natural language interaction.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guannan Liang , Qianqian Tong

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating code, from competitive programming to repository-level software engineering. In emerging agentic systems, code is no longer only a…

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has revolutionized code generation, enabling unprecedented productivity through promptware and autonomous AI agents. However, this transformation introduces…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Satyam Kumar Navneet , Joydeep Chandra