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Visual grounding, localizing objects from natural language descriptions, represents a critical bridge between language and vision understanding. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve impressive scores on existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Rang Li , Lei Li , Shuhuai Ren , Hao Tian , Shuhao Gu , Shicheng Li , Zihao Yue , Yudong Wang , Wenhan Ma , Zhe Yang , Jingyuan Ma , Zhifang Sui , Fuli Luo

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown to be effective at image retrieval based on simple text queries, but text-image retrieval based on conversational input remains a challenge. Consequently, if we want to use VLMs for reference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Bram Willemsen , Livia Qian , Gabriel Skantze

Large language models have achieved great success in recent years, so as their variants in vision. Existing vision-language models can describe images in natural languages, answer visual-related questions, or perform complex reasoning about…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jiarui Xu , Xingyi Zhou , Shen Yan , Xiuye Gu , Anurag Arnab , Chen Sun , Xiaolong Wang , Cordelia Schmid

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) offer remarkable benefits for a variety of vision-language tasks. However, a challenge hindering their application in real-world scenarios, particularly regarding safety, robustness, and reliability, is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Jiaying Lu , Jinmeng Rao , Kezhen Chen , Xiaoyuan Guo , Yawen Zhang , Baochen Sun , Carl Yang , Jie Yang

Understanding relationships between objects is central to visual intelligence, with applications in embodied AI, assistive systems, and scene understanding. Yet, most visual relationship detection (VRD) models rely on a fixed predicate set,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shanmukha Vellamcheti , Sanjoy Kundu , Sathyanarayanan N. Aakur

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be applied to ground natural language to a wide variety of robot skills. However, in practice, learning multi-task, language-conditioned robotic skills typically requires…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Oier Mees , Jessica Borja-Diaz , Wolfram Burgard

Instruction-following agents must ground language into their observation and action spaces. Learning to ground language is challenging, typically requiring domain-specific engineering or large quantities of human interaction data. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Theodore Sumers , Kenneth Marino , Arun Ahuja , Rob Fergus , Ishita Dasgupta

Visual grounding (VG) aims to establish fine-grained alignment between vision and language. Ideally, it can be a testbed for vision-and-language models to evaluate their understanding of the images and texts and their reasoning abilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Zhihong Chen , Ruifei Zhang , Yibing Song , Xiang Wan , Guanbin Li

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Akshar Tumu , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Recent advances in legged locomotion learning are still dominated by the utilization of geometric representations of the environment, limiting the robot's capability to respond to higher-level semantics such as human instructions. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Seunghyun Lee , Dongkyu Lee , Hyun Myung

Visual agent models for automating human activities on Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) have emerged as a promising research direction, driven by advances in large Vision Language Models (VLMs). A critical challenge in GUI automation is the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Joonhyung Park , Peng Tang , Sagnik Das , Srikar Appalaraju , Kunwar Yashraj Singh , R. Manmatha , Shabnam Ghadar

Current large multimodal models (LMMs) face challenges in grounding, which requires the model to relate language components to visual entities. Contrary to the common practice that fine-tunes LMMs with additional grounding supervision, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Shengcao Cao , Liang-Yan Gui , Yu-Xiong Wang

The human language is one of the most natural interfaces for humans to interact with robots. This paper presents a robot system that retrieves everyday objects with unconstrained natural language descriptions. A core issue for the system is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Mohit Shridhar , David Hsu

Spatial Reasoning is an important component of human cognition and is an area in which the latest Vision-language models (VLMs) show signs of difficulty. The current analysis works use image captioning tasks and visual question answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Akshar Tumu , Varad Shinde , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced rapidly by aligning visual patches with the text embedding space, but a fixed visual-token budget forces images to be resized to a uniform pretraining resolution, often erasing fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zipeng Zhu , Zhanghao Hu , Qinglin Zhu , Yuxi Hong , Yijun Liu , Jingyong Su , Yulan He , Lin Gui

We introduce Groma, a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) with grounded and fine-grained visual perception ability. Beyond holistic image understanding, Groma is adept at region-level tasks such as region captioning and visual grounding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Chuofan Ma , Yi Jiang , Jiannan Wu , Zehuan Yuan , Xiaojuan Qi

Despite rapid progress, pretrained vision-language models still struggle when answers depend on tiny visual details or on combining clues spread across multiple regions, as in documents and compositional queries. We address this by framing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Marcel Gröpl , Jaewoo Jung , Seungryong Kim , Marc Pollefeys , Sunghwan Hong

By combining natural language understanding, generation capabilities, and breadth of knowledge of large language models with image perception, recent large vision language models (LVLMs) have shown unprecedented visual reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Siming Yan , Min Bai , Weifeng Chen , Xiong Zhou , Qixing Huang , Li Erran Li

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLMs) leverages Large Language Models as a cognitive framework for diverse visual-language tasks. Recent efforts have been made to equip MLLMs with visual perceiving and grounding capabilities. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junwen He , Yifan Wang , Lijun Wang , Huchuan Lu , Jun-Yan He , Jin-Peng Lan , Bin Luo , Xuansong Xie

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding is commonly framed as a coordinate prediction task -- given a natural language instruction, generate on-screen coordinates for actions such as clicks and keystrokes. However, recent Vision Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yu Zhao , Wei-Ning Chen , Huseyin Atahan Inan , Samuel Kessler , Lu Wang , Lukas Wutschitz , Fangkai Yang , Chaoyun Zhang , Pasquale Minervini , Saravan Rajmohan , Robert Sim