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The recent success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed an increasing interest in their self-correction capabilities. This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the intrinsic self-correction of LLMs, attempting to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Loka Li , Zhenhao Chen , Guangyi Chen , Yixuan Zhang , Yusheng Su , Eric Xing , Kun Zhang

Generative AI (Gen AI) with large language models (LLMs) are being widely adopted across the industry, academia and government. Cybersecurity is one of the key sectors where LLMs can be and/or are already being used. There are a number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Aditya Patwardhan , Vivek Vaidya , Ashish Kundu

Large language models (LLMs) have led to breakthroughs in language tasks, yet the internal mechanisms that enable their remarkable generalization and reasoning abilities remain opaque. This lack of transparency presents challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Haiyan Zhao , Fan Yang , Bo Shen , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Mengnan Du

In this article, we introduce 'Internalized Self-Correction' (InSeC) for large language models (LLMs). While many approaches exist for self-reflection at inference time, we propose a novel method that combines ideas from negative sampling,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Nishanth Upadhyaya , Raghavendra Sridharamurthy

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

As large language models (LLMs) often generate plausible but incorrect content, error detection has become increasingly critical to ensure truthfulness. However, existing detection methods often overlook a critical problem we term as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Hexiang Tan , Fei Sun , Sha Liu , Du Su , Qi Cao , Xin Chen , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Yuanzhuo Wang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are notorious for blending fact with fiction and generating non-factual content, known as hallucinations. To address this challenge, we propose an interactive system that helps users gain insight into the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Furui Cheng , Vilém Zouhar , Simran Arora , Mrinmaya Sachan , Hendrik Strobelt , Mennatallah El-Assady

In a plethora of recent work, large language models (LLMs) demonstrated impressive reasoning ability, but many proposed downstream reasoning tasks only focus on final answers. Two fundamental questions persist: 1) how consistent is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ziyi Liu , Soumya Sanyal , Isabelle Lee , Yongkang Du , Rahul Gupta , Yang Liu , Jieyu Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have acquired ubiquitous attention for their performances across diverse domains. Our study here searches through LLMs' cognitive abilities and confidence dynamics. We dive deep into understanding the alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Aniket Kumar Singh , Suman Devkota , Bishal Lamichhane , Uttam Dhakal , Chandra Dhakal

This paper introduces a novel framework that leverages large language models (LLMs) for machine translation (MT). We start with one conjecture: an ideal translation should contain complete and accurate information for a strong enough LLM to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jianqiao Wangni

Large language models (LLMs) frequently generate confident yet inaccurate responses, introducing significant risks for deployment in safety-critical domains. We present a novel, test-time approach to detecting model hallucination through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hazel Kim , Tom A. Lamb , Adel Bibi , Philip Torr , Yarin Gal

We develop a principled procedure for determining when a large language model (LLM) should abstain from responding (e.g., by saying "I don't know") in a general domain, instead of resorting to possibly "hallucinating" a non-sensical or…

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) offer transformative potential for high-stakes domains like finance and law, but their tendency to hallucinate, generating factually incorrect or unsupported content, poses a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Ahmad Pesaranghader , Erin Li

Large language models (LLMs) may generate outputs that are misaligned with user intent, lack contextual grounding, or exhibit hallucinations during conversation, which compromises the reliability of LLM-based applications. This review aimed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Gabriele Cesar Iwashima , Claudia Susie Rodrigues , Claudio Dipolitto , Geraldo Xexéo

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable fluency across linguistic and reasoning tasks but remain systematically prone to hallucination. Prevailing accounts attribute hallucinations to data gaps, limited context, or optimization…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Richard Ackermann , Simeon Emanuilov

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to be predictable and trustworthy to support reliable decision-making systems. Yet current LLMs often show inconsistencies in their judgments. In this work, we examine logical preference consistency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yinhong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Tianya Liang , Ehsan Shareghi , Ivan Vulić , Nigel Collier

Consistency is a fundamental dimension of trustworthiness in Large Language Models (LLMs). For humans to be able to trust LLM-based applications, their outputs should be consistent when prompted with inputs that carry the same meaning or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Harsh Raj , Vipul Gupta , Domenic Rosati , Subhabrata Majumdar

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in content generation, coding, and common-sense reasoning has spurred widespread integration into many facets of society. However, integration of LLMs raises valid questions on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Ola Shorinwa , Zhiting Mei , Justin Lidard , Allen Z. Ren , Anirudha Majumdar

Persona-driven large language models (LLMs) require consistent behavioral tendencies across interactions to simulate human-like personality traits, such as persistence or reliability. However, current LLMs often lack stable internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yifan Luo , Kangping Xu , Yanzhen Lu , Yang Yuan , Andrew Chi-Chih Yao

Large language models (LLMs) can produce erroneous responses that sound fluent and convincing, raising the risk that users will rely on these responses as if they were correct. Mitigating such overreliance is a key challenge. Through a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan , Q. Vera Liao , Tania Lombrozo , Olga Russakovsky