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Imagine experiencing a crash as the passenger of an autonomous vehicle. Wouldn't you want to know why it happened? Current end-to-end optimizable deep neural networks (DNNs) in 3D detection, multi-object tracking, and motion forecasting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Benjamin Thérien , Krzysztof Czarnecki

Self-supervised learning methods are gaining increasing traction in computer vision due to their recent success in reducing the gap with supervised learning. In natural language processing (NLP) self-supervised learning and transformers are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Sara Atito , Muhammad Awais , Josef Kittler

We introduce Brain-Inspired Modular Training (BIMT), a method for making neural networks more modular and interpretable. Inspired by brains, BIMT embeds neurons in a geometric space and augments the loss function with a cost proportional to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ziming Liu , Eric Gan , Max Tegmark

The ability of transformers to perform precision tasks such as question answering, Natural Language Inference (NLI) or summarising, have enabled them to be ranked as one of the best paradigm to address Natural Language Processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Javier Huertas-Tato , Alejandro Martín , David Camacho

We introduce Interpolation Consistency Training (ICT), a simple and computation efficient algorithm for training Deep Neural Networks in the semi-supervised learning paradigm. ICT encourages the prediction at an interpolation of unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-20 Vikas Verma , Kenji Kawaguchi , Alex Lamb , Juho Kannala , Arno Solin , Yoshua Bengio , David Lopez-Paz

Mechanistic interpretability seeks to reverse engineer a trained neural network by identifying the minimal subset of internal components. We perform a mechanistic interpretability analysis of the Particle Transformer architecture, trained…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-12 Saurabh Rai , Sanmay Ganguly

Large Language Models (LLMs) have experienced a rapid rise in AI, changing a wide range of applications with their advanced capabilities. As these models become increasingly integral to decision-making, the need for thorough…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Jatin Nainani

We present a novel usage of Transformers to make image classification interpretable. Unlike mainstream classifiers that wait until the last fully connected layer to incorporate class information to make predictions, we investigate a…

As the computing power of modern hardware is increasing strongly, pre-trained deep learning models (e.g., BERT, GPT-3) learned on large-scale datasets have shown their effectiveness over conventional methods. The big progress is mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Hanting Chen , Yunhe Wang , Tianyu Guo , Chang Xu , Yiping Deng , Zhenhua Liu , Siwei Ma , Chunjing Xu , Chao Xu , Wen Gao

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become prominent models for solving various vision tasks. However, the interpretability of ViTs has not kept pace with their promising performance. While there has been a surge of interest in developing {\it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yao Qiang , Chengyin Li , Prashant Khanduri , Dongxiao Zhu

Mechanistic interpretability work attempts to reverse engineer the learned algorithms present inside neural networks. One focus of this work has been to discover 'circuits' -- subgraphs of the full model that explain behaviour on specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Joseph Miller , Bilal Chughtai , William Saunders

Artificial Intelligence for Theorem Proving has given rise to a plethora of benchmarks and methodologies, particularly in Interactive Theorem Proving (ITP). Research in the area is fragmented, with a diverse set of approaches being spread…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Sean Lamont , Michael Norrish , Amir Dezfouli , Christian Walder , Paul Montague

The fields of explainable AI and mechanistic interpretability aim to uncover the internal structure of neural networks, with circuit discovery as a central tool for understanding model computations. Existing approaches, however, rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Elena Golimblevskaia , Aakriti Jain , Bruno Puri , Ammar Ibrahim , Wojciech Samek , Sebastian Lapuschkin

Neural network models have achieved high performance on a wide variety of complex tasks, but the algorithms that they implement are notoriously difficult to interpret. It is often necessary to hypothesize intermediate variables involved in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Michael A. Lepori , Thomas Serre , Ellie Pavlick

Transformers demonstrate impressive performance on a range of reasoning benchmarks. To evaluate the degree to which these abilities are a result of actual reasoning, existing work has focused on developing sophisticated benchmarks for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jannik Brinkmann , Abhay Sheshadri , Victor Levoso , Paul Swoboda , Christian Bartelt

Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) promises a path toward fully understanding how neural networks make their predictions. Prior work demonstrates that even when trained to perform simple arithmetic, models can implement a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ouail Kitouni , Niklas Nolte , Víctor Samuel Pérez-Díaz , Sokratis Trifinopoulos , Mike Williams

Recent works attribute the capability of in-context learning (ICL) in large pre-trained language models to implicitly simulating and fine-tuning an internal model (e.g., linear or 2-layer MLP) during inference. However, such constructions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Abhishek Panigrahi , Sadhika Malladi , Mengzhou Xia , Sanjeev Arora

Interpretability methods aim to understand the algorithm implemented by a trained model (e.g., a Transofmer) by examining various aspects of the model, such as the weight matrices or the attention patterns. In this work, through a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Kaiyue Wen , Yuchen Li , Bingbin Liu , Andrej Risteski

Mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse engineer the computation performed by a neural network in terms of its internal components. Although there is a growing body of research on mechanistic interpretation of neural networks, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Nils Palumbo , Ravi Mangal , Zifan Wang , Saranya Vijayakumar , Corina S. Pasareanu , Somesh Jha

Mechanistic interpretability (MI) is an emerging sub-field of interpretability that seeks to understand a neural network model by reverse-engineering its internal computations. Recently, MI has garnered significant attention for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Daking Rai , Yilun Zhou , Shi Feng , Abulhair Saparov , Ziyu Yao
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