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Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently emerged as the low-power alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) owing to their asynchronous, sparse, and binary information processing. To improve the energy-efficiency and throughput,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Youngeun Kim , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired computing paradigm with significant potential for energy-efficient neural processing. Among neural coding schemes of SNNs, Time-To-First-Spike (TTFS) coding, which encodes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Yi Lu , Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu

Contemporary Deep Neural Network (DNN) contains millions of synaptic connections with tens to hundreds of layers. The large computation and memory requirements pose a challenge to the hardware design. In this work, we leverage the intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Jingyang Zhu , Jingbo Jiang , Xizi Chen , Chi-Ying Tsui

With the development of hardware-optimized deployment of spiking neural networks (SNNs), SNN processors based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have become a research hotspot due to their efficiency and flexibility. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hou Yue , Xiang Shuiying , Zou Tao , Huang Zhiquan , Shi Shangxuan , Guo Xingxing , Zhang Yahui , Zheng Ling , Hao Yue

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained considerable interest due to their energy-efficient characteristics, yet lack of a scalable training algorithm has restricted their applicability in practical machine learning problems. The deep…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Seongsik Park , Seijoon Kim , Byunggook Na , Sungroh Yoon

We discuss a high-performance and high-throughput hardware accelerator for probabilistic Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) based on Generalized Linear Model (GLM) neurons, that uses binary STT-RAM devices as synapses and digital CMOS logic for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Anakha V Babu , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are well suited for resource-constrained applications as they do not need expensive multipliers. In a typical rate-encoded SNN, a series of binary spikes within a globally fixed time window is used to fire the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Zhanglu Yan , Jun Zhou , Weng-Fai Wong

Speech enhancement (SE) improves communication in noisy environments, affecting areas such as automatic speech recognition, hearing aids, and telecommunications. With these domains typically being power-constrained and event-based while…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Tao Sun , Sander Bohté

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising, energy-efficient alternative to standard Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and are particularly well-suited to spatio-temporal tasks such as keyword spotting and video classification. However,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zainab Aizaz , James C. Knight , Thomas Nowotny

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have gained significant attention due to their biological plausibility and energy efficiency, making them promising alternatives to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, the performance gap between SNNs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Tianqing Zhang , Kairong Yu , Xian Zhong , Hongwei Wang , Qi Xu , Qiang Zhang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have become popular for their more bio-realistic behavior than Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, effectively leveraging the intrinsic, unstructured sparsity of SNNs in hardware is challenging,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ilkin Aliyev , Tosiron Adegbija

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are energy efficient alternatives to commonly used deep neural networks (DNNs). Through event-driven information processing, SNNs can reduce the expensive compute requirements of DNNs considerably, while…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Sayeed Shafayet Chowdhury , Nitin Rathi , Kaushik Roy

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising alternative to artificial neural networks (ANNs), offering improved energy efficiency by leveraging sparse and event-driven computation. However, existing hardware implementations…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuehai Chen , Farhad Merchant

As neural interfaces become more advanced, there has been an increase in the volume and complexity of neural data recordings. These interfaces capture rich information about neural dynamics that call for efficient, real-time processing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sai Deepesh Pokala , Marie Bernert , Takuya Nanami , Takashi Kohno , Timothée Lévi , Blaise Yvert

Neuromorphic computing and spiking neural networks (SNN) mimic the behavior of biological systems and have drawn interest for their potential to perform cognitive tasks with high energy efficiency. However, some factors such as temporal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Haowen Fang , Brady Taylor , Ziru Li , Zaidao Mei , Hai Li , Qinru Qiu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a biologically inspired alternative to conventional artificial neural networks, with potential advantages in power efficiency due to their event-driven computation. Despite their promise, SNNs have yet…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Wangdan Liao , Weidong Wang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a promising alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for deep learning applications, particularly in resource-constrained systems. This is largely due to their inherent sparsity, influenced by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ilkin Aliyev. Kama Svoboda , Tosiron Adegbija

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) that mimic information transmission in the brain can energy-efficiently process spatio-temporal information through discrete and sparse spikes, thereby receiving considerable attention. To improve accuracy and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Byunggook Na , Jisoo Mok , Seongsik Park , Dongjin Lee , Hyeokjun Choe , Sungroh Yoon

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have achieved orders of magnitude improvement in terms of energy consumption and latency when performing inference with deep learning workloads. Error backpropagation is presently regarded as the most…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) excel in learning hierarchical representations from raw data, such as images, audio, and text. To compute these DNN models with high performance and energy efficiency, these models are usually deployed onto…

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