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Class-incremental Learning (CIL) enables the model to incrementally absorb knowledge from new classes and build a generic classifier across all previously encountered classes. When the model optimizes with new classes, the knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Juncen Guo , Xiaoguang Zhu , Liangyu Teng , Hao Yang , Jing Liu , Yang Liu , Liang Song

With the widespread adoption of deep learning in visual tasks, Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) has become an important paradigm for handling dynamically evolving data distributions. However, CIL faces the core challenge of catastrophic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jinge Ma , Fengqing Zhu

Class Incremental Learning (CIL) is challenging due to catastrophic forgetting. On top of that, Exemplar-free Class Incremental Learning is even more challenging due to forbidden access to previous task data. Recent exemplar-free CIL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zichong Meng , Jie Zhang , Changdi Yang , Zheng Zhan , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to train a reliable model with the streaming data, which emerges unknown classes sequentially. Different from traditional closed set learning, CIL has two main challenges: 1) Novel class detection. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Yang Yang , Zhen-Qiang Sun , HengShu Zhu , Yanjie Fu , Hui Xiong , Jian Yang

New categories may be introduced over time, or existing categories may need to be reclassified. Class incremental learning (CIL) is employed for the gradual acquisition of knowledge about new categories while preserving information about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Zhiwei Zuo , Zhuo Tang , Bin Wang , Kenli Li , Anwitaman Datta

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when continually learning new concepts. In this paper, we analyze this problem from a data imbalance point of view. We argue that the imbalance between old task and new task data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Leyuan Wang , Liuyu Xiang , Yunlong Wang , Huijia Wu , Zhaofeng He

Training deep learning models on medical datasets that perform well for all classes is a challenging task. It is often the case that a suboptimal performance is obtained on some classes due to the natural class imbalance issue that comes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Suraj Kothawade , Atharv Savarkar , Venkat Iyer , Lakshman Tamil , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Rishabh Iyer

Algorithm selection is commonly used to predict the best solver from a portfolio per per-instance. In many real scenarios, instances arrive in a stream: new instances become available over time, while the number of class labels can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Mate Botond Nemeth , Emma Hart , Kevin Sim , Quentin Renau

Class-incremental continual learning is a core step towards developing artificial intelligence systems that can continuously adapt to changes in the environment by learning new concepts without forgetting those previously learned. This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Evelyn Chee , Mong Li Lee , Wynne Hsu

Classifying pill categories from real-world images is crucial for various smart healthcare applications. Although existing approaches in image classification might achieve a good performance on fixed pill categories, they fail to handle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Trong-Tung Nguyen , Hieu H. Pham , Phi Le Nguyen , Thanh Hung Nguyen , Minh Do

Class imbalance poses a challenge for developing unbiased, accurate predictive models. In particular, in image segmentation neural networks may overfit to the foreground samples from small structures, which are often heavily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Zeju Li , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Ben Glocker

We consider class incremental learning (CIL) problem, in which a learning agent continuously learns new classes from incrementally arriving training data batches and aims to predict well on all the classes learned so far. The main challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Hongjoon Ahn , Jihwan Kwak , Subin Lim , Hyeonsu Bang , Hyojun Kim , Taesup Moon

Deep learning models have gained remarkable performance on a variety of image classification tasks. However, many models suffer from limited performance in clinical or medical settings when data are imbalanced. To address this challenge, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-15 Long Gao , Chang Liu , Dooman Arefan , Ashok Panigrahy , Margarita L. Zuley , Shandong Wu

In the scenario of class-incremental learning (CIL), deep neural networks have to adapt their model parameters to non-stationary data distributions, e.g., the emergence of new classes over time. However, CIL models are challenged by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Depeng Li , Zhigang Zeng

Minimizing inconsistencies across successive versions of an AI system is as crucial as reducing the overall error. In image classification, such inconsistencies manifest as negative flips, where an updated model misclassifies test samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Simone Ricci , Niccolò Biondi , Federico Pernici , Alberto Del Bimbo

Many deep learning applications, like keyword spotting, require the incorporation of new concepts (classes) over time, referred to as Class Incremental Learning (CIL). The major challenge in CIL is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dong Ma , Chi Ian Tang , Cecilia Mascolo

Class-imbalance is a common problem in machine learning practice. Typical Imbalanced Learning (IL) methods balance the data via intuitive class-wise resampling or reweighting. However, previous studies suggest that beyond class-imbalance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Zhining Liu , Pengfei Wei , Zhepei Wei , Boyang Yu , Jing Jiang , Wei Cao , Jiang Bian , Yi Chang

Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) is a practical and challenging problem for achieving general artificial intelligence. Recently, Pre-Trained Models (PTMs) have led to breakthroughs in both visual and natural language processing tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Junhao Zheng , Ruiyan Wang , Chongzhi Zhang , Huawen Feng , Qianli Ma

With advances in digital technology, the classification of medical images has become a crucial step for image-based clinical decision support systems. Automatic medical image classification represents a pivotal domain where the use of AI…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Abu Adnan Sadi , Labib Chowdhury , Nusrat Jahan , Mohammad Newaz Sharif Rafi , Radeya Chowdhury , Faisal Ahamed Khan , Nabeel Mohammed

The dynamic expansion architecture is becoming popular in class incremental learning, mainly due to its advantages in alleviating catastrophic forgetting. However, task confusion is not well assessed within this framework, e.g., the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Bingchen Huang , Zhineng Chen , Peng Zhou , Jiayin Chen , Zuxuan Wu