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We present PLUGH (https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=plugh), a modern benchmark that currently consists of 5 tasks, each with 125 input texts extracted from 48 different games and representing 61 different (non-isomorphic)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Alexey Tikhonov

Large language models (LLMs) show best-in-class performance across a wide range of natural language processing applications. Training these models is an extremely computationally expensive task; frontier Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Alexander Interrante-Grant , Carla Varela-Rosa , Suhaas Narayan , Chris Connelly , Albert Reuther

This paper presents the process of building a neural machine translation system with support for English, Romanian, and Aromanian - an endangered Eastern Romance language. The primary contribution of this research is twofold: (1) the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Alexandru-Iulius Jerpelea , Alina Rădoi , Sergiu Nisioi

In this paper, we propose and describe the first open Llama2 large language models (LLMs) for the Lithuanian language, including an accompanying question/answer (Q/A) dataset and translations of popular LLM benchmarks. We provide a brief…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Artūras Nakvosas , Povilas Daniušis , Vytas Mulevičius

The quality of open-weight LLMs has seen significant improvement, yet they remain predominantly focused on English. In this paper, we introduce the EuroLLM project, aimed at developing a suite of open-weight multilingual LLMs capable of…

Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training exhausts an ever growing compute budget, yet recent research has demonstrated that careful document selection enables comparable model quality with only a fraction of the FLOPs. Inspired by efforts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xiang Kong , Tom Gunter , Ruoming Pang

Multimodal research has predominantly focused on single-image reasoning, with limited exploration of multi-image scenarios. Recent models have sought to enhance multi-image understanding through large-scale pretraining on interleaved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Shaharukh Khan , Ali Faraz , Abhinav Ravi , Mohd Nauman , Mohd Sarfraz , Akshat Patidar , Raja Kolla , Chandra Khatri , Shubham Agarwal

Neural machine translation (NMT) has achieved great successes with large datasets, so NMT is more premised on high-resource languages. This continuously underpins the low resource languages such as Luganda due to the lack of high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Richard Kimera , Daniela N. Rim , Heeyoul Choi

Current language modeling approaches are built around tokens. Text corpora are split into tokens, and models are trained by performing computations on these tokens, such as predicting the next token given the preceding ones as context. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Elio Musacchio , Lucia Siciliani , Pierpaolo Basile

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a powerful paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) through external knowledge retrieval. Despite its widespread attention, existing academic research predominantly focuses on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yiruo Cheng , Kelong Mao , Ziliang Zhao , Guanting Dong , Hongjin Qian , Yongkang Wu , Tetsuya Sakai , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

We present a new parallel corpus, JHU FLuency-Extended GUG corpus (JFLEG) for developing and evaluating grammatical error correction (GEC). Unlike other corpora, it represents a broad range of language proficiency levels and uses holistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-15 Courtney Napoles , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Joel Tetreault

We present a setup for training, evaluating and interpreting neural language models, that uses artificial, language-like data. The data is generated using a massive probabilistic grammar (based on state-split PCFGs), that is itself derived…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jaap Jumelet , Willem Zuidema

In this paper, we improve speech translation (ST) through effectively leveraging large quantities of unlabeled speech and text data in different and complementary ways. We explore both pretraining and self-training by using the large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Changhan Wang , Anne Wu , Juan Pino , Alexei Baevski , Michael Auli , Alexis Conneau

Providing better language tools for low-resource and endangered languages is imperative for equitable growth. Recent progress with massively multilingual pretrained models has proven surprisingly effective at performing zero-shot transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Louis Clouâtre , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Amal Zouaq , Sarath Chandar

The recent proliferation of research into transformer based natural language processing has led to a number of studies which attempt to detect the presence of human-like cognitive behavior in the models. We contend that, as is true of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jesse Roberts , Kyle Moore , Drew Wilenzick , Doug Fisher

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

With more than 7000 languages worldwide, multilingual natural language processing (NLP) is essential both from an academic and commercial perspective. Researching typological properties of languages is fundamental for progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Ayyoob Imani , Masoud Jalili Sabet , Philipp Dufter , Michael Cysouw , Hinrich Schütze

The NLP community recently saw the release of a new large open-access multilingual language model, BLOOM (BigScience et al., 2022) covering 46 languages. We focus on BLOOM's multilingual ability by evaluating its machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Rachel Bawden , François Yvon

Research on language technology for the development of medical applications is currently a hot topic in Natural Language Understanding and Generation. Thus, a number of large language models (LLMs) have recently been adapted to the medical…

We introduce Xmodel-LM, a compact and efficient 1.1B language model pre-trained on around 2 trillion tokens. Trained on our self-built dataset (Xdata), which balances Chinese and English corpora based on downstream task optimization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yichuan Wang , Yang Liu , Yu Yan , Qun Wang , Xucheng Huang , Ling Jiang