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Open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding is pivotal for enhancing physical intelligence, as it enables embodied agents to interpret and interact dynamically within real-world environments. This paper introduces MPEC, a novel Masked…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yan Wang , Baoxiong Jia , Ziyu Zhu , Siyuan Huang

Open-vocabulary 3D semantic segmentation aims to segment arbitrary categories beyond the training set. Existing methods predominantly rely on distilling knowledge from 2D open-vocabulary models. However, aligning 3D features to the 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Xujing Tao , Chuxin Wang , Yubo Ai , Zhixin Cheng , Zhuoyuan Li , Liangsheng Liu , Yujia Chen , Xinjun Li , Qiao Li , Wenfei Yang , Tianzhu Zhang

There has been tremendous progress in large-scale text-to-image synthesis driven by diffusion models enabling versatile downstream applications such as 3D object synthesis from texts, image editing, and customized generation. We present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Ting-Hsuan Liao , Songwei Ge , Yiran Xu , Yao-Chih Lee , Badour AlBahar , Jia-Bin Huang

Recent text-to-image diffusion models are able to generate convincing results of unprecedented quality. However, it is nearly impossible to control the shapes of different regions/objects or their layout in a fine-grained fashion. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Omri Avrahami , Thomas Hayes , Oran Gafni , Sonal Gupta , Yaniv Taigman , Devi Parikh , Dani Lischinski , Ohad Fried , Xi Yin

Recently, text-to-image diffusion models have shown remarkable capabilities in creating realistic images from natural language prompts. However, few works have explored using these models for semantic localization or grounding. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ryan Burgert , Kanchana Ranasinghe , Xiang Li , Michael S. Ryoo

Creating diverse and high-quality 3D assets with an automatic generative model is highly desirable. Despite extensive efforts on 3D generation, most existing works focus on the generation of a single category or a few categories. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Ziang Cao , Fangzhou Hong , Tong Wu , Liang Pan , Ziwei Liu

Generating 3D CT volumes from descriptive free-text inputs presents a transformative opportunity in diagnostics and research. In this paper, we introduce Text2CT, a novel approach for synthesizing 3D CT volumes from textual descriptions…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-09 Pengfei Guo , Can Zhao , Dong Yang , Yufan He , Vishwesh Nath , Ziyue Xu , Pedro R. A. S. Bassi , Zongwei Zhou , Benjamin D. Simon , Stephanie Anne Harmon , Baris Turkbey , Daguang Xu

This paper presents the first exploration of text-to-image diffusion models for zero-shot sketch-based 3D shape retrieval (ZS-SBSR). Existing sketch-based 3D shape retrieval methods struggle in zero-shot settings due to the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Hang Cheng , Fanhe Dong , Long Zeng

We describe an approach to predict open-vocabulary 3D semantic voxel occupancy map from input 2D images with the objective of enabling 3D grounding, segmentation and retrieval of free-form language queries. This is a challenging problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Antonin Vobecky , Oriane Siméoni , David Hurych , Spyros Gidaris , Andrei Bursuc , Patrick Pérez , Josef Sivic

Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation (OVSS) assigns pixel-level labels from an open set of text-defined categories, demanding reliable generalization to unseen classes at inference. Although modern vision-language models (VLMs) support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Saikat Dutta , Biplab Banerjee , Hamid Rezatofighi

The goal of open-vocabulary detection is to identify novel objects based on arbitrary textual descriptions. In this paper, we address open-vocabulary 3D point-cloud detection by a dividing-and-conquering strategy, which involves: 1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Yuheng Lu , Chenfeng Xu , Xiaobao Wei , Xiaodong Xie , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Kurt Keutzer , Shanghang Zhang

We propose OpenVoxel, a training-free algorithm for grouping and captioning sparse voxels for the open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding tasks. Given the sparse voxel rasterization (SVR) model obtained from multi-view images of a 3D scene,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Sheng-Yu Huang , Jaesung Choe , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang , Cheng Sun

Learning from a large corpus of data, pre-trained models have achieved impressive progress nowadays. As popular generative pre-training, diffusion models capture both low-level visual knowledge and high-level semantic relations. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Chaofan Ma , Yuhuan Yang , Chen Ju , Fei Zhang , Jinxiang Liu , Yu Wang , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Open-vocabulary semantic segmentation attempts to classify and outline objects in an image using arbitrary text labels, including those unseen during training. Self-supervised learning resolves numerous visual and linguistic processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Muhammad Atta ur Rahman , Dooseop Choi , Seung-Ik Lee , KyoungWook Min

Understanding 3D scenes is a crucial challenge in computer vision research with applications spanning multiple domains. Recent advancements in distilling 2D vision-language foundation models into neural fields, like NeRF and 3DGS, enable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Zihan Gao , Lingling Li , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Xu Liu , Wenping Ma , Yuwei Guo , Shuyuan Yang

In this paper, we present a novel, scalable approach for constructing open set, instance-level 3D scene representations, advancing open world understanding of 3D environments. Existing methods require pre-constructed 3D scenes and face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Rafay Mohiuddin , Sai Manoj Prakhya , Fiona Collins , Ziyuan Liu , André Borrmann

Text-based image segmentation aims to delineate object boundaries within an image from text prompts, offering higher flexibility and broader application scope compared to traditional fixed-category segmentation tasks. Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zishen Qu , Xuesong Li , Haijian Gu , Hongwei Kang , Quan Meng , Tianrui Niu , Xin Yang , Ruidong Pan

Diffusion models are generative models with impressive text-to-image synthesis capabilities and have spurred a new wave of creative methods for classical machine learning tasks. However, the best way to harness the perceptual knowledge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Neehar Kondapaneni , Markus Marks , Manuel Knott , Rogerio Guimaraes , Pietro Perona

Semantic segmentation demands dense pixel-level annotations, which can be prohibitively expensive - especially under extremely constrained labeling budgets. In this paper, we address the problem of low-budget active learning for semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jeongin Kim , Wonho Bae , YouLee Han , Giyeong Oh , Youngjae Yu , Danica J. Sutherland , Junhyug Noh

Diffusion models face significant challenges when employed for large-scale medical image reconstruction in real practice such as 3D Computed Tomography (CT). Due to the demanding memory, time, and data requirements, it is difficult to train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Bowen Song , Jason Hu , Zhaoxu Luo , Jeffrey A. Fessler , Liyue Shen