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Deep generative models (DGM) are neural networks with many hidden layers trained to approximate complicated, high-dimensional probability distributions using a large number of samples. When trained successfully, we can use the DGMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Lars Ruthotto , Eldad Haber

Latent variable models like the Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) are commonly used to learn representations of images. However, for downstream tasks like semantic classification, the representations learned by VAE are less competitive than…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-31 Mingtian Zhang , Tim Z. Xiao , Brooks Paige , David Barber

Diffusion-based generative models learn to iteratively transfer unstructured noise to a complex target distribution as opposed to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or the decoder of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) which produce samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Sarthak Mittal , Guillaume Lajoie , Stefan Bauer , Arash Mehrjou

With recent progress in deep generative models, the problem of identifying synthetic data and comparing their underlying generative processes has become an imperative task for various reasons, including fighting visual misinformation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Hae Jin Song , Wael AbdAlmageed

Latent space models for network data characterize each node through a vector of latent features whose pairwise similarities define the edge probabilities among the pairs of nodes. Although this formulation has led to successful…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-06 Federico Pavone , Daniele Durante , Robin J. Ryder

Weak gravitational lensing maps compactly encode the evolution of cosmic large-scale structure and are a key tool for cosmological analyses. Performing inference directly at the map level allows flexible choices of statistics and can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-25 Guangjian Li , Tomasz Kacprzak

Training intelligent agents that can drive autonomously in various urban and highway scenarios has been a hot topic in the robotics society within the last decades. However, the diversity of driving environments in terms of road topology…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Behrad Toghi , Rodolfo Valiente , Ramtin Pedarsani , Yaser P. Fallah

Generative adversarial networks achieve great performance in photorealistic image synthesis in various domains, including human images. However, they usually employ latent vectors that encode the sampled outputs globally. This does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Kripasindhu Sarkar , Lingjie Liu , Vladislav Golyanik , Christian Theobalt

Learning compact and meaningful latent space representations has been shown to be very useful in generative modeling tasks for visual data. One particular example is applying Vector Quantization (VQ) in variational autoencoders (VQ-VAEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xin Li , Anand Sarwate

Denoising Diffusion models are gaining increasing popularity in the field of generative modeling for several reasons, including the simple and stable training, the excellent generative quality, and the solid probabilistic foundation. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Andrea Asperti , Davide Evangelista , Samuele Marro , Fabio Merizzi

Disentangled representation learning finds compact, independent and easy-to-interpret factors of the data. Learning such has been shown to require an inductive bias, which we explicitly encode in a generative model of images. Specifically,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Nicki Skafte Detlefsen , Søren Hauberg

Deep Generative Models are frequently used to learn continuous representations of complex data distributions using a finite number of samples. For any generative model, including pre-trained foundation models with Diffusion or Transformer…

What representation do deep neural networks learn? How similar are images to each other for neural networks? Despite the overwhelming success of deep learning methods key questions about their internal workings still remain largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Tassilo Wald , Constantin Ulrich , Gregor Köhler , David Zimmerer , Stefan Denner , Michael Baumgartner , Fabian Isensee , Priyank Jaini , Klaus H. Maier-Hein

This paper examines the evolving nature of internal representations in generative visual models, focusing on the conceptual and technical shift from GANs and VAEs to diffusion-based architectures. Drawing on Beatrice Fazi's account of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ludovica Schaerf

Image feature matching is a fundamental part of many geometric computer vision applications, and using multiple images can improve performance. In this work, we formulate multi-image matching as a graph embedding problem then use a Graph…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Stephen Phillips , Kostas Daniilidis

Neural networks embed the geometric structure of a data manifold lying in a high-dimensional space into latent representations. Ideally, the distribution of the data points in the latent space should depend only on the task, the data, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Luca Moschella , Valentino Maiorca , Marco Fumero , Antonio Norelli , Francesco Locatello , Emanuele Rodolà

Recent deep generative models are able to provide photo-realistic images as well as visual or textual content embeddings useful to address various tasks of computer vision and natural language processing. Their usefulness is nevertheless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Antoine Plumerault , Hervé Le Borgne , Céline Hudelot

Deep generative models like variational autoencoders approximate the intrinsic geometry of high dimensional data manifolds by learning low-dimensional latent-space variables and an embedding function. The geometric properties of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Ankita Shukla , Shagun Uppal , Sarthak Bhagat , Saket Anand , Pavan Turaga

Deep neural networks come in many sizes and architectures. The choice of architecture, in conjunction with the dataset and learning algorithm, is commonly understood to affect the learned neural representations. Yet, recent results have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Loek van Rossem , Andrew M. Saxe

It is widely believed that learning good representations is one of the main reasons for the success of deep neural networks. Although highly intuitive, there is a lack of theory and systematic approach quantitatively characterizing what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Liwei Wang , Lunjia Hu , Jiayuan Gu , Yue Wu , Zhiqiang Hu , Kun He , John Hopcroft