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The remarkable success of transformers in the field of natural language processing has sparked the interest of the speech-processing community, leading to an exploration of their potential for modeling long-range dependencies within speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Siddique Latif , Aun Zaidi , Heriberto Cuayahuitl , Fahad Shamshad , Moazzam Shoukat , Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir

In recent times, Transformer-based language models are making quite an impact in the field of natural language processing. As relevant parallels can be drawn between biological sequences and natural languages, the models used in NLP can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Nimisha Ghosh , Daniele Santoni , Indrajit Saha , Giovanni Felici

The impact of Transformer-based language models has been unprecedented in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The success of such models has also led to their adoption in other fields including bioinformatics. Taking this into account, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Nimisha Ghosh , Daniele Santoni , Debaleena Nawn , Eleonora Ottaviani , Giovanni Felici

As Large Language Models (LLMs) rapidly evolve, their influence in science is becoming increasingly prominent. The emerging capabilities of LLMs in task generalization and free-form dialogue can significantly advance fields like chemistry…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yin Fang , Kangwei Liu , Ningyu Zhang , Xinle Deng , Penghui Yang , Zhuo Chen , Xiangru Tang , Mark Gerstein , Xiaohui Fan , Huajun Chen

As transformers have gained prominence in natural language processing, some researchers have investigated theoretically what problems they can and cannot solve, by treating problems as formal languages. Exploring such questions can help…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Lena Strobl , William Merrill , Gail Weiss , David Chiang , Dana Angluin

Language models based on the Transformer architecture achieve excellent results in many language-related tasks, such as text classification or sentiment analysis. However, despite the architecture of these models being well-defined, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Miguel López-Otal , Jorge Gracia , Jordi Bernad , Carlos Bobed , Lucía Pitarch-Ballesteros , Emma Anglés-Herrero

Transformers have made significant strides across various artificial intelligence domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. This success has naturally garnered considerable interest from both…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-12 Elyas Rashno , Amir Eskandari , Aman Anand , Farhana Zulkernine

Single-cell analysis is currently one of the most high-resolution techniques to study biology. The large complex datasets that have been generated have spurred numerous developments in computational biology, in particular the use of…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-27 Ionut Sebastian Mihai , Sarang Chafle , Johan Henriksson

The fields of generative AI and transfer learning have experienced remarkable advancements in recent years especially in the domain of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Transformers have been at the heart of these advancements where the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Majd Saleh , Stéphane Paquelet

Transformers have evolved with great success in various artificial intelligence tasks. Thanks to our recent prevalence of self-attention mechanisms, which capture long-term dependency, phenomenal outcomes in speech processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Shruti Singh , Muskaan Singh , Virender Kadyan

Single-cell technologies are revolutionizing the entire field of biology. The large volumes of data generated by single-cell technologies are high-dimensional, sparse, heterogeneous, and have complicated dependency structures, making…

Transformers have achieved superior performances in many tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, which also triggered great interest in the time series community. Among multiple advantages of Transformers, the ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Qingsong Wen , Tian Zhou , Chaoli Zhang , Weiqi Chen , Ziqing Ma , Junchi Yan , Liang Sun

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those built on Transformer architectures, have significantly broadened the scope of natural language processing (NLP) applications, transcending their initial use in chatbot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chen Wang , Jin Zhao , Jiaqi Gong

This paper presents a comprehensive survey of research works on the topic of form understanding in the context of scanned documents. We delve into recent advancements and breakthroughs in the field, highlighting the significance of language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Daniel Eberharter , Zoe Pfister , Adam Jatowt

Transformer language models have received widespread public attention, yet their generated text is often surprising even to NLP researchers. In this survey, we discuss over 250 recent studies of English language model behavior before…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Tyler A. Chang , Benjamin K. Bergen

Language modeling has seen impressive progress over the last years, mainly prompted by the invention of the Transformer architecture, sparking a revolution in many fields of machine learning, with breakthroughs in chemistry and biology. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Andres M Bran , Philippe Schwaller

Despite the inherent limitations of existing Large Language Models in directly reading and interpreting single-cell omics data, they demonstrate significant potential and flexibility as the Foundation Model. This research focuses on how to…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-21 Cong Li , Meng Xiao , Pengfei Wang , Guihai Feng , Xin Li , Yuanchun Zhou

The rapid progress of research aimed at interpreting the inner workings of advanced language models has highlighted a need for contextualizing the insights gained from years of work in this area. This primer provides a concise technical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Javier Ferrando , Gabriele Sarti , Arianna Bisazza , Marta R. Costa-jussà

The Transformer model, initially achieving significant success in the field of natural language processing, has recently shown great potential in the application of tactile perception. This review aims to comprehensively outline the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Jing Gao , Ning Cheng , Bin Fang , Wenjuan Han

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming cellular biology by enabling the development of "virtual cells"--computational systems that represent, predict, and reason about cellular states and behaviors. This work provides a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Krinos Li , Xianglu Xiao , Shenglong Deng , Lucas He , Zijun Zhong , Yuanjie Zou , Zhonghao Zhan , Zheng Hui , Weiye Bao , Guang Yang
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