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The decimal digits of $\pi$ are widely believed to behave like as statistically independent random variables taking the values $0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5$, $6, 7, 8, 9$ with equal probabilities $1/10$. In this article, first, another similar…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-17 Karlis Podnieks

We consider the problem of finding, for a given quadratic measure of non-uniformity of a set of $N$ points (such as $L_2$ star-discrepancy or diaphony), the asymptotic distribution of this discrepancy for truly random points in the limit…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Andre van Hameren , Ronald Kleiss , Jiri Hoogland

We study multi-digit correlations in Benford sequences b^n for integer bases 2 <= b <= 1000, measuring dependence via conditional mutual information (CMI). A resonance ratio derived from the continued fraction expansion of log_10(b)…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-20 James M. Hyman

We study the asymptotic behavior for an inhomogeneous multiscale stochastic dynamical system with non-smooth coefficients. Depending on the averaging regime and the homogenization regime, two strong convergences in the averaging principle…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Michael Röckner , Longjie Xie

We consider the continued fraction digits as random variables measured with respect to Lebesgue measure. The logarithmically scaled and normalized fluctuation process of the digit sums converges strongly distributional to a random variable…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-12-24 Marc Kesseböhmer , Mehdi Slassi

For a skew normal random sequence, convergence rates of the distribution of its partial maximum to the Gumbel extreme value distribution are derived. The asymptotic expansion of the distribution of the normalized maximum is given under an…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-12-06 Xin Liao , Zuoxiang Peng , Saralees Nadarajah , Xiaoqian Wang

We consider a class of real numbers, a subset of irrational numbers and certain mathematical constants, for which the elements in the simple continued fraction appears to be random. As an illustrative example, one can consider $\pi = \{x_0,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-19 Avinash Chand Yadav

Let $\{X_n,n\ge1\}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables, taking non-negative integer values, and call $X_n$ a $\delta$-record if $X_n>\max\{X_1,...,X_{n-1}\}+\delta$, where $\delta$ is an integer…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Raúl Gouet , F. Javier López , Gerardo Sanz

After a short review of the historical milestones on normal numbers, we introduce the Borel numbers as the reals admitting a probability function on their different bases representations. In this setting, we provide two probabilistic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Nicolò Cangiotti , Daniele Taufer

We show that two notions of continued fraction normality, one where overlapping occurrences of finite patterns are counted as distinct occurrences, and another where only disjoint occurrences are counted as distinct, are identical. This…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-09-11 Satyadev Nandakumar , Subin Pulari , Prateek Vishnoi , Gopal Viswanathan

We consider a certain equidistributed sequence of rational numbers constructed from the primes. In particular, we determine the sharp convergence rate for the star discrepancy of said sequence. Our arguments are based on well-known…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-29 Martin Lind

An equilibrium statistical system is known to be stable if the fluctuations of global observables are normal, when their dispersions are proportional to the number of particles, or to the system volume. A general theorem is rigorously…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 V. I. Yukalov

Let M be a bounded domain of a Euclidian space with smooth boundary. We relate the Cheeger constant of M and the conductance of a neighborhood graph defined on a random sample from M. By restricting the minimization defining the latter over…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-03-05 Ery Arias-Castro , Bruno Pelletier , Pierre Pudlo

Computing the embedding distribution of a given graph is a fundamental question in topological graph theory. In this article, we extend our viewpoint to a sequence of graphs and consider their asymptotic embedding distributions, which are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Yichao Chen , Wenjie Fang , Zhicheng Gao , Jinlian Zhang

We investigate the discrepancy principle for choosing smoothing parameters for kernel density estimation. The method is based on the distance between the empirical and estimated distribution functions. We prove some new positive and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Thoralf Mildenberger

A classical inequality due to H.F. Bohnenblust and E. Hille states that for every positive integer $n$ there is a constant $C_{n}>0$ so that…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2012-08-30 G. A. Muñoz-Fernández , D. Pellegrino , J. B. Seoane-Sepúlveda

In the present note we study the interrelations between the sets of so-called typical numbers and numbers that are normal in base two. Employing results by Nakai and Shiokawa, we exhibit examples of numbers that belong to one set but do not…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Jakub Tomaszewski

In this paper we first provide a method to compute confidence intervals for the center of a piecewise normal distribution given a sample from this distribution, under certain assumptions. We then extend this method to an asymptotic setting,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-08 Shu Lu , Hongsheng Liu

We study a generalized version of Wyner's common information problem (also coined the distributed source simulation problem). The original common information problem consists in understanding the minimum rate of the common input to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Lei Yu , Vincent Y. F. Tan

In this article, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the asymptotic behavior of Bell numbers, enhancing and unifying various results previously dispersed in the literature. We establish several explicit lower and upper bounds. The main…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Jerzy Grunwald , Grzegorz Serafin