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Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS) can be used in Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction by leveraging diffusion-based generative models for unconditional image synthesis while matching the observations (data) of a CT scan. Of particular…

In this work, we introduce a new deep learning approach based on diffusion posterior sampling (DPS) to perform material decomposition from spectral CT measurements. This approach combines sophisticated prior knowledge from unsupervised…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Xiao Jiang , Grace J. Gang , J. Webster Stayman

Many spectral CT applications require accurate material decomposition. Existing material decomposition algorithms are often susceptible to significant noise magnification or, in the case of one-step model-based approaches, hampered by slow…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Xiao Jiang , Grace J. Gang , J. Webster Stayman

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as powerful deep learning tools for image generation in CT reconstruction and restoration. Recently, diffusion posterior sampling, where a score-based diffusion prior is combined with a likelihood…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Shudong Li , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , Grace J. Gang , Yuan Shen , J. Webster Stayman

This paper proposes a novel approach to spectral computed tomography (CT) material decomposition that uses the recent advances in generative diffusion models (DMs) for inverse problems. Spectral CT and more particularly photon-counting CT…

Incoherent k-space undersampling and deep learning-based reconstruction methods have shown great success in accelerating MRI. However, the performance of most previous methods will degrade dramatically under high acceleration factors, e.g.,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Jin Liu , Qing Lin , Zhuang Xiong , Shanshan Shan , Chunyi Liu , Min Li , Feng Liu , G. Bruce Pike , Hongfu Sun , Yang Gao

We have previously introduced Spectral Diffusion Posterior Sampling (Spectral DPS) as a framework for accurate one-step material decomposition by integrating analytic spectral system models with priors learned from large datasets. This work…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Xiao Jiang , Grace J. Gang , J. Webster Stayman

This report studies diffusion posterior sampling (DPS) for single-image super-resolution (SISR) under a known degradation model. We implement a likelihood-guided sampling procedure that combines an unconditional diffusion prior with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Abu Hanif Muhammad Syarubany

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently been introduced as a regularizing prior for PET image reconstruction, integrating DMs trained on high-quality PET images with unsupervised schemes that condition on measured data. While these approaches…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 George Webber , Alexander Hammers , Andrew P King , Andrew J Reader

Reconstruction-based methods have been commonly used for unsupervised anomaly detection, in which a normal image is reconstructed and compared with the given test image to detect and locate anomalies. Recently, diffusion models have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Di Wu , Shicai Fan , Xue Zhou , Li Yu , Yuzhong Deng , Jianxiao Zou , Baihong Lin

Recent advancements in diffusion models have been leveraged to address inverse problems without additional training, and Diffusion Posterior Sampling (DPS) (Chung et al., 2022a) is among the most popular approaches. Previous analyses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tongda Xu , Xiyan Cai , Xinjie Zhang , Xingtong Ge , Dailan He , Ming Sun , Jingjing Liu , Ya-Qin Zhang , Jian Li , Yan Wang

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in generating high-quality samples. Existing diffusion-based image restoration algorithms exploit pre-trained diffusion models to leverage data priors, yet they still preserve elements…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-07 Hongjie Wu , Linchao He , Mingqin Zhang , Dongdong Chen , Kunming Luo , Mengting Luo , Ji-Zhe Zhou , Hu Chen , Jiancheng Lv

Deep learning-based reconstruction of positron emission tomography(PET) data has gained increasing attention in recent years. While these methods achieve fast reconstruction,concerns remain regarding quantitative accuracy and the presence…

Purpose: The Unadjusted Langevin Algorithm (ULA) in combination with diffusion models can generate high quality MRI reconstructions with uncertainty estimation from highly undersampled k-space data. However, sampling methods such as…

Medical Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Moritz Blumenthal , Tina Holliber , Jonathan I. Tamir , Martin Uecker

To obtain high-quality positron emission tomography (PET) scans while reducing radiation exposure to the human body, various approaches have been proposed to reconstruct standard-dose PET (SPET) images from low-dose PET (LPET) images. One…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Zeyu Han , Yuhan Wang , Luping Zhou , Peng Wang , Binyu Yan , Jiliu Zhou , Yan Wang , Dinggang Shen

With the rapid development of diffusion models and flow-based generative models, there has been a surge of interests in solving noisy linear inverse problems, e.g., super-resolution, deblurring, denoising, colorization, etc, with generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Xiangming Meng , Yoshiyuki Kabashima

Diffusion models (DMs) have exhibited remarkable efficacy in various image restoration tasks. However, existing approaches typically operate within the high-dimensional pixel space, resulting in high computational overhead. While methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yang Zheng , Wen Li , Zhaoqiang Liu

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful foundation model for visual generations. With an appropriate sampling process, it can effectively serve as a generative prior for solving general inverse problems. Current posterior sampling-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shijie Zhou , Huaisheng Zhu , Rohan Sharma , Jiayi Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Kaiyi Ji , Changyou Chen

Intraoperative CT imaging serves as a crucial resource for surgical guidance; however, it may not always be readily accessible or practical to implement. In scenarios where CT imaging is not an option, reconstructing CT scans from X-rays…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-22 Zhi Qiao , Xuhui Liu , Xiaopeng Wang , Runkun Liu , Xiantong Zhen , Pei Dong , Zhen Qian

Restoring degraded music signals is essential to enhance audio quality for downstream music manipulation. Recent diffusion-based music restoration methods have demonstrated impressive performance, and among them, diffusion posterior…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-14 Carlos Hernandez-Olivan , Koichi Saito , Naoki Murata , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Marco A. Martínez-Ramirez , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Yuki Mitsufuji
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