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Recent progress in large-scale pre-training has led to the development of advanced vision-language models (VLMs) with remarkable proficiency in comprehending and generating multimodal content. Despite the impressive ability to perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Hang Hua , Jing Shi , Kushal Kafle , Simon Jenni , Daoan Zhang , John Collomosse , Scott Cohen , Jiebo Luo

Large language models are increasingly relied upon as sources of information, but their propensity for generating false or misleading statements with high confidence poses risks for users and society. In this paper, we confront the critical…

Parameter Efficient Finetuning (PEFT) has emerged as a viable solution for improving the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) without requiring massive resources and compute. Prior work on multilingual evaluation has shown that there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Ishaan Watts , Sunayana Sitaram

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated their incredible capability in image understanding and response generation. However, this rich visual interaction also makes LVLMs vulnerable to adversarial examples. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Xunguang Wang , Zhenlan Ji , Pingchuan Ma , Zongjie Li , Shuai Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in empirical software engineering (ESE) to automate or assist annotation tasks such as labeling commits, issues, and qualitative artifacts. Yet the reliability and reproducibility of such…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mia Mohammad Imran , Tarannum Shaila Zaman

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as evaluators, offering a scalable alternative to human annotation. However, existing supervised fine-tuning (SFT) approaches often fall short in domains that demand complex reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Nuo Chen , Zhiyuan Hu , Qingyun Zou , Jiaying Wu , Qian Wang , Bryan Hooi , Bingsheng He

As Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities advance, the demand for high-quality annotation of exponentially increasing text corpora has outpaced human capacity, leading to the widespread adoption of LLMs in automatic evaluation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Jiayu Wang , Junyoung Lee

Verification is one of the central tasks in circuit and system design. While simulation and emulation are widely used, complete correctness can only be ensured based on formal proof techniques. But these approaches often have very high run…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Rolf Drechsler

The automation of code review activities, a long-standing pursuit in software engineering, has been primarily addressed by numerous domain-specific pre-trained models. Despite their success, these models frequently demand extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Junyi Lu , Lei Yu , Xiaojia Li , Li Yang , Chun Zuo

Large language models (LLMs) operate in two fundamental learning modes - fine-tuning (FT) and in-context learning (ICL) - raising key questions about which mode yields greater language proficiency and whether they differ in their inductive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Bishwamittra Ghosh , Soumi Das , Till Speicher , Qinyuan Wu , Mohammad Aflah Khan , Deepak Garg , Krishna P. Gummadi , Evimaria Terzi

Large language models (LLMs) have greatly impacted the natural language processing (NLP) field, particularly for the English language. These models have demonstrated capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. The success…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Hasna Chouikhi , Manel Aloui , Cyrine Ben Hammou , Ghaith Chaabane , Haithem Kchaou , Chehir Dhaouadi

Automatic evaluation of natural language generation has long been an elusive goal in NLP.A recent paradigm fine-tunes pre-trained language models to emulate human judgements for a particular task and evaluation criterion. Inspired by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Shuhaib Mehri , Vered Shwartz

Formal verification provides a rigorous and systematic approach to ensure the correctness and reliability of software systems. Yet, constructing specifications for the full proof relies on domain expertise and non-trivial manpower. In view…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Cheng Wen , Jialun Cao , Jie Su , Zhiwu Xu , Shengchao Qin , Mengda He , Haokun Li , Shing-Chi Cheung , Cong Tian

The remarkable reasoning and code generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have spurred significant interest in applying LLMs to enable task automation in digital chip design. In particular, recent work has investigated early…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Minwoo Kang , Mingjie Liu , Ghaith Bany Hamad , Syed Suhaib , Haoxing Ren

Effectively supporting students in mastering all facets of self-regulated learning is a central aim of teachers and educational researchers. Prior research could demonstrate that formative feedback is an effective way to support students…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-12-31 Steffen Steinert , Karina E. Avila , Stefan Ruzika , Jochen Kuhn , Stefan Küchemann

Large-scale vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP exhibit strong zero-shot generalization, but adapting them to downstream tasks typically requires costly labeled data. Existing unsupervised self-training methods rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Qian-Wei Wang , Guanghao Meng , Ren Cai , Yaguang Song , Shu-Tao Xia

Contrastively-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP have become the de facto approach for discriminative vision-language representation learning. However, these models have limited language understanding, often exhibiting a "bag…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Yassine Ouali , Adrian Bulat , Alexandros Xenos , Anestis Zaganidis , Ioannis Maniadis Metaxas , Brais Martinez , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Instruction fine-tuning (IFT) elicits instruction following capabilities and steers the behavior of large language models (LLMs) via supervised learning. However, existing models trained on open-source IFT datasets only have the ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Kuan Wang , Alexander Bukharin , Haoming Jiang , Qingyu Yin , Zhengyang Wang , Tuo Zhao , Jingbo Shang , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Shiyang Li

Instruction tuning significantly enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) across various tasks. However, the procedure to optimizing the mixing of instruction datasets for LLM fine-tuning is still poorly understood. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Renxi Wang , Haonan Li , Minghao Wu , Yuxia Wang , Xudong Han , Chiyu Zhang , Timothy Baldwin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse domains, but developing high-performing models for specialized applications often requires substantial human annotation -- a process that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Abhinav Arabelly , Jagrut Nemade , Robert D Nowak , Jifan Zhang