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Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) benefit from external knowledge stored in graph structures for various downstream tasks. However, bridging the modality gap between graph structures and text remains a significant challenge. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Shuzhou Yuan , Michael Färber

Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs), where each node is associated with text descriptions, are ubiquitous in real-world scenarios. They typically exhibit distinctive structure and domain-specific knowledge, motivating the development of a Graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xi Zhu , Haochen Xue , Ziwei Zhao , Wujiang Xu , Jingyuan Huang , Minghao Guo , Qifan Wang , Kaixiong Zhou , Imran Razzak , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been introduced to graph learning, aiming to extend their zero-shot generalization success to tasks where labeled graph data is scarce. Among these applications, inference over text-attributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Haoyu Wang , Shikun Liu , Rongzhe Wei , Pan Li

Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) integrate textual data with graph structures, providing valuable insights in applications such as social network analysis and recommendation systems. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) effectively capture both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuefei Lyu , Chaozhuo Li , Xi Zhang , Tianle Zhang

Recently, text classification model based on graph neural network (GNN) has attracted more and more attention. Most of these models adopt a similar network paradigm, that is, using pre-training node embedding initialization and two-layer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Jiayuan Chen , Boyu Zhang , Yinfei Xu , Meng Wang

Graph embedding provides an efficient solution for graph analysis by converting the graph into a low-dimensional space which preserves the structure information. In contrast to the graph structure data, the i.i.d. node embedding can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Hongyun Cai , Vincent W. Zheng , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Learning on Graphs has attracted immense attention due to its wide real-world applications. The most popular pipeline for learning on graphs with textual node attributes primarily relies on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), and utilizes shallow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zhikai Chen , Haitao Mao , Hang Li , Wei Jin , Hongzhi Wen , Xiaochi Wei , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Wenqi Fan , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) and their ability to capture semantic relationships has led to their adoption in a wide range of applications. Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) are a notable example where LLMs can be combined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Mayur Choudhary , Saptarshi Sengupta , Katerina Potika

Zero-shot graph machine learning, especially with graph neural networks (GNNs), has garnered significant interest due to the challenge of scarce labeled data. While methods like self-supervised learning and graph prompt learning have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Duo Wang , Yuan Zuo , Fengzhi Li , Junjie Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in text understanding and have become an essential tool for building smart assistants. Originally focusing on text, they have been enhanced with multimodal capabilities in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Aaron Haag , Vlad Argatu , Oliver Lohse

Real-world graph data often follows long-tailed distributions, making it difficult for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to generalize well across both head and tail classes. Recent advances in Vicinal Risk Minimization (VRM) have shown promise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Leyao Wang , Yu Wang , Bo Ni , Yuying Zhao , Hanyu Wang , Yao Ma , Tyler Derr

Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs) are graphs of connected textual documents. Graph models can efficiently learn TAGs, but their training heavily relies on human-annotated labels, which are scarce or even unavailable in many applications. Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Bo Pan , Zheng Zhang , Yifei Zhang , Yuntong Hu , Liang Zhao

Optimizing the performance of large language models (LLMs) on large-scale AI training and inference systems requires a scalable and expressive mechanism to model distributed workload execution. Such modeling is essential for pre-deployment…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Changhai Man , Joongun Park , Hanjiang Wu , Huan Xu , Srinivas Sridharan , Tushar Krishna

In real-world scenarios, texts in a graph are often linked by multiple semantic relations (e.g., papers in an academic graph are referenced by other publications, written by the same author, or published in the same venue), where text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Bowen Jin , Wentao Zhang , Yu Zhang , Yu Meng , Han Zhao , Jiawei Han

Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) present unique challenges for direct processing by Language Learning Models (LLMs), yet their extensive commonsense knowledge and robust reasoning capabilities offer great promise for node classification in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Rui Li , Jiwei Li , Jiawei Han , Guoyin Wang

Text-attributed graphs (TAGs) are prevalent on the web and research over TAGs such as citation networks, e-commerce networks and social networks has attracted considerable attention in the web community. Recently, large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yijian Qin , Xin Wang , Ziwei Zhang , Wenwu Zhu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful framework for a wide range of node-level graph learning tasks. However, their performance typically depends on random or minimally informed initial feature representations, where poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Shiyu Chen , Cencheng Shen , Youngser Park , Carey E. Priebe

Recent prevailing works on graph machine learning typically follow a similar methodology that involves designing advanced variants of graph neural networks (GNNs) to maintain the superior performance of GNNs on different graphs. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yiran Qiao , Xiang Ao , Yang Liu , Jiarong Xu , Xiaoqian Sun , Qing He

Rich textual and topological information of textual graphs need to be modeled in real-world applications such as webpages, e-commerce, and academic articles. Practitioners have been long following the path of adopting a shallow text encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Yun Zhu , Yaoke Wang , Haizhou Shi , Siliang Tang

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) to process graph-structured data is an active research area, yet current state-of-the-art approaches typically rely on multi-step pipelines with Graph Neural Network (GNN) encoders that compress rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Dario Vajda