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Light emission in the first hours and days following core-collapse supernovae (SNe) is dominated by the escape of photons from the expanding shock heated envelope. In a preceding paper, Paper I, we provided a simple analytic description of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-05 Jonathan Morag , Ido Irani , Nir Sapir , Eli Waxman

Supernova light curves are dominated at early time, hours to days, by the escape of photons from the expanding shock heated envelope. We provide a simple analytic description of the time dependent luminosity, $L$, and color temperature,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-30 Jonathan Morag , Nir Sapir , Eli Waxman

The early part of a supernova (SN) light-curve is dominated by radiation escaping from the expanding shock-heated progenitor envelope. For polytropic Hydrogen envelopes, the properties of the emitted radiation are described by simple…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-04-12 Nir Sapir , Eli Waxman

The core-collapse supernova of a massive star rapidly brightens when a shock, produced following the collapse of its core, reaches the stellar surface. As the shock-heated star subsequently expands and cools, its early-time light curve…

When the shock wave generated in a supernova explosion breaks out of the stellar envelope, the first photons, typically in the X-ray to UV range, escape to the observer. Following this breakout emission, radiation from deeper shells…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-16 Tamar Faran , Re'em Sari

We calculate multicolor light curves (LCs) of supernovae (SNe) from red supergiants (RSGs) exploded within dense circumstellar medium (CSM). Multicolor LCs are calculated by using a multi-group radiation hydrodynamics code STELLA. If CSM is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-03-07 Takashi Moriya , Nozomu Tominaga , Sergei I. Blinnikov , Petr V. Baklanov , Elena I. Sorokina

The first light from a supernova (SN) emerges once the SN shock breaks out of the stellar surface. The first light, typically a UV or X-ray flash, is followed by a broken power-law decay of the luminosity generated by radiation that leaks…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Ehud Nakar , Re'em Sari

Supernovae (SNe) inject $\sim 10^{51}$ erg in the interstellar medium, thereby shocking and heating the gas. A substantial fraction of this energy is later lost via radiative cooling. We present a post-processing module for the FLASH code…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-24 Ekaterina I. Makarenko , Stefanie Walch , Seamus D. Clarke , Daniel Seifried , Thorsten Naab , Pierre C. Nürnberger , Tim-Eric Rathjen

Early light curves of many core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are thought to be powered by the interaction of the shock wave with optically thick extended material, either a bound envelope or preexplosion ejected circumstellar matter (CSM). We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-09 Tal Wasserman , Eli Waxman

Based on an extensive grid of stellar models between 13 and 25 Mo and a wide range of metallicities, we have studied the light curves of core collapse supernovae, their application to cosmology and evolutionary effects with redshift. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 A. Chieffi , I. Dominguez , P. Hoeflich , M. Limongi , O. Straniero

Exact bolometric light curves of supernova shock breakouts are derived based on the universal, non relativistic, planar breakout solutions (Sapir et al. 2011), assuming spherical symmetry, constant Thomson scattering opacity, \kappa, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 Boaz Katz , Nir Sapir , Eli Waxman

The first light that escapes from a supernova explosion is the shock breakout emission, which produces a bright flash of UV or X-ray radiation. Standard theory predicts that the shock breakout spectrum will be a blackbody if the gas and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-15 Christopher M. Irwin , Kenta Hotokezaka

New two-dimensional, high-resolution calculations of a core collapse supernova in a 15 Msol blue supergiant are presented, which cover the entire evolution from shock revival until the first few hours of the explosion. Explosive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Kifonidis , T. Plewa , H. -Th. Janka , E. Mueller

Using Athena++, we perform 3D Radiation-Hydrodynamic calculations of the radiative breakout of the shock wave in the outer envelope of a red supergiant (RSG) which has suffered core collapse and will become a Type IIP supernova. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Jared A. Goldberg , Yan-fei Jiang , Lars Bildsten

Core collapse within blue supergiant stars, as occurred within Sk -69$^{\circ}$202/Supernova 1987A, is generally attributed to a merger of two electron-degenerate cores within a common envelope, with a merged mass in excess of 1.4 solar.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-28 John Middleditch

The activity of massive stars approaching core-collapse can strongly affect the appearance of the star and its subsequent supernova. Late-phase convective nuclear burning generates waves that propagate toward the stellar surface, heating…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-10 Shing-Chi Leung , Jim Fuller

Recent observations suggest that gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are produced by highly relativistic jets emitted in core collapse supernova explosions (SNe). The result of the event, probably, is not just a compact object plus…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Arnon Dar

Following shock breakout, the emission from an astrophysical explosion is dominated by the radiation of shock heated material as it expands and cools, known as shock cooling emission (SCE). The luminosity of SCE is proportional to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-15 Anthony L. Piro , Annastasia Haynie , Yuhan Yao

We explore a possible scenario of the explosion as a result of core collapses of rotating massive stars that leave a black hole by performing a radiation-viscous-hydrodynamics simulation in numerical relativity. We take moderately and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-06 Sho Fujibayashi , Yuichiro Sekiguchi , Masaru Shibata , Shinya Wanajo

We investigate effects of aspherical energy deposition in core-collapse supernovae on the light curve of the supernova shock breakout. We performed two-dimensional hydrodynamical calculations of an aspherical supernova explosion to obtain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-19 Akihiro Suzuki , Toshikazu Shigeyama
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