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Recent works have shown the remarkable superiority of transformer models in reinforcement learning (RL), where the decision-making problem is formulated as sequential generation. Transformer-based agents could emerge with self-improvement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Sili Huang , Jifeng Hu , Zhejian Yang , Liwei Yang , Tao Luo , Hechang Chen , Lichao Sun , Bo Yang

This paper investigates the flow of factual information in Mamba State-Space Model (SSM)-based language models. We rely on theoretical and empirical connections to Transformer-based architectures and their attention mechanisms. Exploiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Nir Endy , Idan Daniel Grosbard , Yuval Ran-Milo , Yonatan Slutzky , Itay Tshuva , Raja Giryes

This paper examines memory mechanisms in Large Language Models (LLMs), emphasizing their importance for context-rich responses, reduced hallucinations, and improved efficiency. It categorizes memory into sensory, short-term, and long-term,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Lianlei Shan , Shixian Luo , Zezhou Zhu , Yu Yuan , Yong Wu

Recent advancements in State Space Models (SSMs) have attracted significant interest, particularly in models optimized for parallel training and handling long-range dependencies. Architectures like Mamba have scaled to billions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Zheng Zhan , Yushu Wu , Zhenglun Kong , Changdi Yang , Yifan Gong , Xuan Shen , Xue Lin , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Mamba, a selective state-space model (SSM), has emerged as an efficient alternative to Transformers for speech modeling, enabling long-sequence processing with linear complexity. While effective in speech separation, existing approaches,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ke Xue , Chang Sun , Rongfei Fan , Jing Wang , Han Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) display strikingly different generalization behaviors: supervised fine-tuning (SFT) often narrows capability, whereas reinforcement-learning (RL) tuning tends to preserve it. The reasons behind this divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Haoyue Bai , Yiyou Sun , Wenjie Hu , Shi Qiu , Maggie Ziyu Huan , Peiyang Song , Robert Nowak , Dawn Song

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the capabilities of artificial intelligence across various domains. However, their massive scale and high computational costs render them unsuitable for direct…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Miao Rang , Zhenni Bi , Hang Zhou , Hanting Chen , An Xiao , Tianyu Guo , Kai Han , Xinghao Chen , Yunhe Wang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a promising solution for deploying large language models (LLMs) on resource-constrained devices. Early methods developed for small-scale networks, such as ResNet, rely on gradient-based optimization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Junhan Kim , Ho-young Kim , Eulrang Cho , Chungman Lee , Joonyoung Kim , Yongkweon Jeon

We study memory in state-space language models using primacy and recency effects as behavioral tools to uncover how information is retained and forgotten over time. Applying structured recall tasks to the Mamba architecture, we observe a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Muhammad Cendekia Airlangga , Hilal AlQuabeh , Munachiso S Nwadike , Kentaro Inui

U-shaped architectures have long dominated the field of medical image segmentation, while Transformers are widely employed for modeling long-range dependencies. The former typically handles scale variations implicitly by aggregating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanhua Zhang , Ke Zhang , Jingyu Wang , Gabriella Balestra , Samanta Rosati , Yulin Wu , Wuwei Wang , Valentina Giannini

Speculative decoding has emerged as a promising approach to accelerating large language model (LLM) generation using a fast drafter while maintaining alignment with the target model's distribution. However, existing approaches face a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been showing promising results for various NLP-tasks without the explicit need to be trained for these tasks by using few-shot or zero-shot prompting techniques. A common NLP-task is question-answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Kevin Fischer , Darren Fürst , Sebastian Steindl , Jakob Lindner , Ulrich Schäfer

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable proficiency in generating text, benefiting from extensive training on vast textual corpora. However, LLMs may also acquire unwanted behaviors from the diverse and sensitive nature of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zhiwei Zhang , Fali Wang , Xiaomin Li , Zongyu Wu , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Qi He , Wenpeng Yin , Suhang Wang

Recent Transformer-based diffusion models have shown remarkable performance, largely attributed to the ability of the self-attention mechanism to accurately capture both global and local contexts by computing all-pair interactions among…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Yunxiang Fu , Chaoqi Chen , Yizhou Yu

We investigate the functional role of emergent outliers in large language models, specifically attention sinks (a few tokens that consistently receive large attention logits) and residual sinks (a few fixed dimensions with persistently…

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is a critical strategy for efficient Large Language Models (LLMs) deployment. However, existing scaling laws primarily focus on general performance, overlooking crucial fine-grained factors and how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Chenxi Zhou , Pengfei Cao , Jiang Li , Bohan Yu , Jinyu Ye , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

In recent years, the application of multimodal large language models (MLLM) in various fields has achieved remarkable success. However, as the foundation model for many downstream tasks, current MLLMs are composed of the well-known…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Han Zhao , Min Zhang , Wei Zhao , Pengxiang Ding , Siteng Huang , Donglin Wang

With the advancement of RNN models with linear complexity, the quadratic complexity challenge of transformers has the potential to be overcome. Notably, the emerging Mamba-2 has demonstrated competitive performance, bridging the gap between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Yingyue Li , Bencheng Liao , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang

Quantization of large language models (LLMs) faces significant challenges, particularly due to the presence of outlier activations that impede efficient low-bit representation. Traditional approaches predominantly address Normal Outliers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Haokun Lin , Haobo Xu , Yichen Wu , Jingzhi Cui , Yingtao Zhang , Linzhan Mou , Linqi Song , Zhenan Sun , Ying Wei

This study investigates small-scale pretraining for Small Language Models (SLMs) to enable efficient use of limited data and compute, improve accessibility in low-resource settings and reduce costs. To enhance long-context extrapolation in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ruizhe Huang , Kexuan Zhang , Yihao Fang , Baifeng Yu