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Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled impressive performance in various tasks. However, standard prompting often struggles to produce structurally valid and accurate outputs, especially in dependency parsing. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Hiroshi Matsuda , Chunpeng Ma , Masayuki Asahara

Recently, there has been a growing interest in studying how to construct better code instruction tuning data. However, we observe Code models trained with these datasets exhibit high performance on HumanEval but perform worse on other…

Document Understanding is a foundational AI capability with broad applications, and Document Question Answering (DocQA) is a key evaluation task. Traditional methods convert the document into text for processing by Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xixi Wu , Yanchao Tan , Nan Hou , Ruiyang Zhang , Hong Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded remarkably in understanding long-form contents. However, exploring their capability for generating long-form contents, such as reports and articles, has been relatively unexplored and inadequately…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Haochen Tan , Zhijiang Guo , Zhan Shi , Lu Xu , Zhili Liu , Yunlong Feng , Xiaoguang Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Linqi Song

Generating realistic synthetic tabular data presents a critical challenge in machine learning. It adds another layer of complexity when this data contain class imbalance problems. This paper presents a novel token-aware data imputation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Shreenidhi Srinivasan , Lydia Manikonda

The data privacy constraint in online continual learning (OCL), where the data can be seen only once, complicates the catastrophic forgetting problem in streaming data. A common approach applied by the current SOTAs in OCL is with the use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 M. Anwar Ma'sum , Mahardhika Pratama , Savitha Ramasamy , Lin Liu , Habibullah Habibullah , Ryszard Kowalczyk

Background and Context. The increasing integration of large language models (LLMs) in computing education presents an emerging challenge in understanding how students use LLMs and craft prompts to solve computational tasks. Prior research…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in applications, and people can shape model behavior by editing prompt instructions. Yet encoding subtle, domain-specific policies into prompts is challenging. Although this process…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Minjae Lee , Minsuk Kahng

Effective prompt engineering is critical to realizing the promised productivity gains of large language models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. Yet, many users struggle to craft prompts that yield high-quality outputs, limiting the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Niklas Gutheil , Valentin Mayer , Leopold Müller , Jörg Rommelt , Niklas Kühl

Online dialogic instructions are a set of pedagogical instructions used in real-world online educational contexts to motivate students, help understand learning materials, and build effective study habits. In spite of the popularity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Jiahao Chen , Shuyan Huang , Zitao Liu , Weiqi Luo

Prompt engineering enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks. However, lengthy prompts significantly increase computational complexity and economic costs. To address this issue, we study six prompt compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zheng Zhang , Jinyi Li , Yihuai Lan , Xiang Wang , Hao Wang

Visual Programming has recently emerged as an alternative to end-to-end black-box visual reasoning models. This type of method leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate the source code for an executable computer program that solves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Jaywon Koo , Ziyan Yang , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Baishakhi Ray , Vicente Ordonez

Large language models (LLMs) enable the rapid generation of data wrangling scripts based on natural language instructions, but these scripts may not fully adhere to user-specified requirements, necessitating careful inspection and iterative…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jiajun Zhu , Xinyu Cheng , Zhongsu Luo , Yunfan Zhou , Xinhuan Shu , Di Weng , Yingcai Wu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a key paradigm for enhancing large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. However, current RAG methods face two limitations: (1) they only cover limited RAG scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Wanlong Liu , Junying Chen , Ke Ji , Li Zhou , Wenyu Chen , Benyou Wang

Large language models (LLMs) bear great potential for automating tedious development tasks such as creating and maintaining code documentation. However, it is unclear to what extent developers can effectively prompt LLMs to create concise…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hans-Alexander Kruse , Tim Puhlfürß , Walid Maalej

Training data plays a pivotal role in AI models. Large language models (LLMs) are trained with massive amounts of documents, and their parameters hold document-related contents. Recently, several studies identified content-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Bumjin Park , Jaesik Choi

Recent studies have demonstrated the great potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) serving as zero-shot relevance rankers. The typical approach involves making comparisons between pairs or lists of documents. Although effective, these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Weiwei Sun , Zheng Chen , Xinyu Ma , Lingyong Yan , Shuaiqiang Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Dawei Yin , Zhaochun Ren

Reasoning is central to a wide range of intellectual activities, and while the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, their performance in reasoning tasks remains limited. The processes and mechanisms underlying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Ippei Fujisawa , Sensho Nobe , Hiroki Seto , Rina Onda , Yoshiaki Uchida , Hiroki Ikoma , Pei-Chun Chien , Ryota Kanai

Preference learning is a widely adopted post-training technique that aligns large language models (LLMs) to human preferences and improves specific downstream task capabilities. In this work we systematically investigate how specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Joongwon Kim , Anirudh Goyal , Aston Zhang , Bo Xiong , Rui Hou , Melanie Kambadur , Dhruv Mahajan , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Liang Tan

Automatic fact-checking plays a crucial role in combating the spread of misinformation. Large Language Models (LLMs) and Instruction-Following variants, such as InstructGPT and Alpaca, have shown remarkable performance in various natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Tsun-Hin Cheung , Kin-Man Lam