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The chest X-ray is one of the most commonly accessible radiological examinations for screening and diagnosis of many lung diseases. A tremendous number of X-ray imaging studies accompanied by radiological reports are accumulated and stored…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Xiaosong Wang , Yifan Peng , Le Lu , Zhiyong Lu , Mohammadhadi Bagheri , Ronald M. Summers

Large language models such as BERT and the GPT series started a paradigm shift that calls for building general-purpose models via pre-training on large datasets, followed by fine-tuning on task-specific datasets. There is now a plethora of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Jeremy Gwinnup , Kevin Duh

Vision language pre-training aims to learn alignments between vision and language from a large amount of data. Most existing methods only learn image-text alignments. Some others utilize pre-trained object detectors to leverage vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Yan Zeng , Xinsong Zhang , Hang Li , Jiawei Wang , Jipeng Zhang , Wangchunshu Zhou

Medical report generation is the task of automatically writing radiology reports for chest X-ray images. Manually composing these reports is a time-consuming process that is also prone to human errors. Generating medical reports can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Abdullah , Ameer Hamza , Seong Tae Kim

Vision-language pre-training has recently gained popularity as it allows learning rich feature representations using large-scale data sources. This paradigm has quickly made its way into the medical image analysis community. In particular,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Jose Dolz , Ismail Ben Ayed

The scarcity of well-annotated diverse medical images is a major hurdle for developing reliable AI models in healthcare. Substantial technical advances have been made in generative foundation models for natural images. Here we develop…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yuanfeng Ji , Dan Lin , Xiyue Wang , Lu Zhang , Wenhui Zhou , Chongjian Ge , Ruihang Chu , Xiaoli Yang , Junhan Zhao , Junsong Chen , Xiangde Luo , Sen Yang , Jin Fang , Ping Luo , Ruijiang Li

Though the advancement of pre-trained large language models unfolds, the exploration of building a unified model for language and other multi-modal data, such as motion, remains challenging and untouched so far. Fortunately, human motion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Biao Jiang , Xin Chen , Wen Liu , Jingyi Yu , Gang Yu , Tao Chen

Despite significant progress in Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP), current approaches predominantly emphasize feature extraction and cross-modal comprehension, with limited attention to generating or transforming visual content. This gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ziyang Zhang , Yang Yu , Yucheng Chen , Xulei Yang , Si Yong Yeo

In this paper we introduce RE-tune, a novel approach for fine-tuning pre-trained Multimodal Biomedical Vision-Language models (VLMs) in Incremental Learning scenarios for multi-label chest disease diagnosis. RE-tune freezes the backbones…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Marco Mistretta , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Molecule discovery plays a crucial role in various scientific fields, advancing the design of tailored materials and drugs. However, most of the existing methods heavily rely on domain experts, require excessive computational cost, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Jiatong Li , Yunqing Liu , Wenqi Fan , Xiao-Yong Wei , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Qing Li

In this paper we address image classification tasks leveraging knowledge encoded in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). More specifically, we use the MiniGPT-4 model to extract semantic descriptions for the images, in a multimodal prompting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Maria Tzelepi , Vasileios Mezaris

This paper introduces MiniGPT4-Video, a multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) designed specifically for video understanding. The model is capable of processing both temporal visual and textual data, making it adept at understanding the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Kirolos Ataallah , Xiaoqian Shen , Eslam Abdelrahman , Essam Sleiman , Deyao Zhu , Jian Ding , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Medical image diagnosis is challenging because many diseases resemble normal anatomy and exhibit substantial interpatient variability. Clinicians routinely rely on comparative diagnosis, such as referencing cross-patient healthy control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ruinan Jin , Gexin Huang , Xinwei Shen , Qiong Zhang , Yan Shuo Tan , Xiaoxiao Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in medical image analysis, yet their application in intraoral photography remains largely underexplored due to the lack of fine-grained, annotated datasets and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Meng-Xun Li , Wen-Hui Deng , Zhi-Xing Wu , Chun-Xiao Jin , Jia-Min Wu , Yue Han , James Kit Hon Tsoi , Gui-Song Xia , Cui Huang

We propose TG-LMM (Text-Guided Large Multi-Modal Model), a novel approach that leverages textual descriptions of organs to enhance segmentation accuracy in medical images. Existing medical image segmentation methods face several challenges:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Yihao Zhao , Enhao Zhong , Cuiyun Yuan , Yang Li , Man Zhao , Chunxia Li , Jun Hu , Chenbin Liu

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence, especially in large language models (LLMs), has significantly impacted various domains, including healthcare. In chest X-ray (CXR) analysis, previous studies have employed LLMs, but with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jonggwon Park , Soobum Kim , Byungmu Yoon , Jihun Hyun , Kyoyun Choi

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT/GPT-4, have proven to be powerful tools in promoting the user experience as an AI assistant. The continuous works are proposing multi-modal large language models (MLLM), empowering LLMs with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Ziqiang Zheng , Jipeng Zhang , Tuan-Anh Vu , Shizhe Diao , Yue Him Wong Tim , Sai-Kit Yeung

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain, evaluating these models' performance using benchmark datasets has become crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various benchmark…

Segmentation models can recognize a pre-defined set of objects in images. However, models that can reason over complex user queries that implicitly refer to multiple objects of interest are still in their infancy. Recent advances in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jerome Quenum , Wen-Han Hsieh , Tsung-Han Wu , Ritwik Gupta , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan

Advances in GPT-based large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing natural language processing, exponentially increasing its use across various domains. Incorporating uni-directional attention, these autoregressive LLMs can generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Lalithkumar Seenivasan , Mobarakol Islam , Gokul Kannan , Hongliang Ren