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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains such as clinical decision support and medical documentation. However, the robustness of these models against subtle linguistic variations, specifically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jen-tse Huang , Didi Zhou , Faith Kamau , Amy Oh , Anne R. Links , Mark Dredze , Mary Catherine Beach , Somnath Saha

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in our daily lives, but numerous concerns about bias in LLMs exist. This study examines how gender-diverse populations perceive bias, accuracy, and trustworthiness in LLMs,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Aimen Gaba , Emily Wall , Tejas Ramkumar Babu , Yuriy Brun , Kyle Hall , Cindy Xiong Bearfield

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly operate in high-stakes settings including healthcare and medicine, where demographic attributes such as race and ethnicity may be explicitly stated or implicitly inferred from text. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shiyue Hu , Ruizhe Li , Yanjun Gao

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential in delivering accurate answers to questions about world knowledge. Despite this, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs in healthcare predominantly focus…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zheheng Luo , Chenhan Yuan , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as an effective tool to assist individuals in writing various types of content, including professional documents such as recommendation letters. Though bringing convenience, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Yixin Wan , George Pu , Jiao Sun , Aparna Garimella , Kai-Wei Chang , Nanyun Peng

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized to assist in scientific and academic writing, helping authors enhance the coherence of their articles. Previous studies have highlighted stereotypes and biases present in LLM outputs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Naseela Pervez , Alexander J. Titus

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly essential in processing natural languages, yet their application is frequently compromised by biases and inaccuracies originating in their training data. In this study, we introduce Cross-Care,…

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly relevant as a potential tool for healthcare, aiding communication between clinicians, researchers, and patients. However, traditional evaluations of LLMs on medical exam questions do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Rojin Ziaei , Samuel Schmidgall

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming pervasive in everyday life, yet their propensity to reproduce biases inherited from training data remains a pressing concern. Prior investigations into bias in LLMs have focused on the association…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Messi H. J. Lee , Jacob M. Montgomery , Calvin K. Lai

Unlocking the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in data classification represents a promising frontier in natural language processing. In this work, we evaluate the performance of different LLMs in comparison with state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Arina Kostina , Marios D. Dikaiakos , Dimosthenis Stefanidis , George Pallis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in executing tasks based on natural language queries. However, these models, trained on curated datasets, inherently embody biases ranging from racial to national and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Iain Cruickshank , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

This study examines the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for retrieving factual information, addressing concerns over their propensity to produce factually incorrect "hallucinated" responses or to altogether decline to even answer prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Lauren Rhue , Sofie Goethals , Arun Sundararajan

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has demonstrated substantial potential for enhancing clinical decision-making, administrative efficiency, and patient outcomes. However, the underrepresentation of diverse groups…

In this study, we investigate the capabilities and inherent biases of advanced large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in the context of debate evaluation. We discover that LLM's performance exceeds humans and surpasses the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Xinyi Liu , Pinxin Liu , Hangfeng He

Regulatory efforts to protect against algorithmic bias have taken on increased urgency with rapid advances in large language models (LLMs), which are machine learning models that can achieve performance rivaling human experts on a wide…

Applications · Statistics 2024-04-05 Johann D. Gaebler , Sharad Goel , Aziz Huq , Prasanna Tambe

The use of large language models (LLMs) in hiring promises to streamline candidate screening, but it also raises serious concerns regarding accuracy and algorithmic bias where sufficient safeguards are not in place. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Eitan Anzenberg , Arunava Samajpati , Sivasankaran Chandrasekar , Varun Kacholia

Do large language models (LLMs) exhibit sociodemographic biases, even when they decline to respond? To bypass their refusal to "speak," we study this research question by probing contextualized embeddings and exploring whether this bias is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Raphael Tang , Xinyu Zhang , Jimmy Lin , Ferhan Ture

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit strong biases, e.g, against women or in favor of the number 7. We investigate whether LLMs would be able to output less biased answers when allowed to observe their prior answers to the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 An Vo , Mohammad Reza Taesiri , Daeyoung Kim , Anh Totti Nguyen

In recent years, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) systems have assumed increasingly crucial roles in selection processes, personnel recruitment and analysis of candidates' profiles. However, the employment of large language models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Martina Ullasci , Marco Rondina , Riccardo Coppola , Antonio Vetrò

This paper provides an in-depth evaluation of three state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) for personalized career mentoring in the computing field, using three distinct student profiles that consider gender, race, and professional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xiao Luo , Sean O'Connell , Shamima Mithun
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