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Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have positively and efficiently transformed workflows in many domains. One such domain with significant potential for LLM integration is the Internet of Things (IoT), where this integration…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Ibrahim Kok , Orhan Demirci , Suat Ozdemir

The success of deep neural networks (DNNs) is heavily dependent on computational resources. While DNNs are often employed on cloud servers, there is a growing need to operate DNNs on edge devices. Edge devices are typically limited in their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 May Malka , Erez Farhan , Hai Morgenstern , Nir Shlezinger

The integration of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) with Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) offers new opportunities for smart manufacturing, but it also introduces challenges related to computation-intensive tasks and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xin Wang , Xiao Huan Li , Xun Wang

Edge Artificial Intelligence (Edge AI) embeds intelligence directly into devices at the network edge, enabling real-time processing with improved privacy and reduced latency by processing data close to its source. This review systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Mohamad Abou Ali , Fadi Dornaika

Devices at the edge of wireless networks are the last mile data sources for machine learning (ML). As opposed to traditional ready-made public datasets, these user-generated private datasets reflect the freshest local environments in real…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Jihong Park , Shiqiang Wang , Anis Elgabli , Seungeun Oh , Eunjeong Jeong , Han Cha , Hyesung Kim , Seong-Lyun Kim , Mehdi Bennis

Hardly any other area of research has recently attracted as much attention as machine learning (ML) through the rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI). This publication provides a short introduction to practical concepts and methods…

General Economics · Economics 2020-12-17 Ali R. Baghirzade

AI requires heavy amounts of storage and compute with assets that are commonly stored in AI Hubs. AI Hubs have contributed significantly to the democratization of AI. However, existing implementations are associated with certain benefits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Richard Blythman , Mohamed Arshath , Salvatore Vivona , Jakub Smékal , Hithesh Shaji

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly capable at small parameter scales. At the same time, conventional cloud-centric deployment introduces challenges around data privacy, latency, and cost that are acute in operational…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Harri Renney , Fouad Trad , Michael Mattarock , Zena Wood

The very DNA of AI architecture presents conflicting paths: centralized cloud-based models (Software-as-a-Service) versus decentralized edge AI (local processing on consumer devices). This paper analyzes the competitive battleground across…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Rhea Pritham Marpu , Kevin J McNamara , Preeti Gupta

With the deployment of 5G networks, standards organizations have started working on the design phase for sixth-generation (6G) networks. 6G networks will be immensely complex, requiring more deployment time, cost and management efforts. On…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Muhammad K. Shehzad , Luca Rose , M. Majid Butt , Istvan Z. Kovacs , Mohamad Assaad , Mohsen Guizani

Edge inference (EI) has emerged as a promising paradigm to address the growing limitations of cloud-based Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference services, such as high response latency, limited scalability, and severe data privacy exposure.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zhipeng Cheng , Xiaoyu Xia , Hong Wang , Minghui Liwang , Ning Chen , Xuwei Fan , Xianbin Wang

The rapid growth of end-user AI applications, such as computer vision and generative AI, has led to immense data and processing demands often exceeding user devices' capabilities. Edge AI addresses this by offloading computation to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Juan Marcelo Parra-Ullauri , Oscar Dilley , Hari Madhukumar , Dimitra Simeonidou

The rapid growth of edge devices has driven the demand for deploying artificial intelligence (AI) at the edge, giving rise to Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) and its evolving counterpart, Tiny Deep Learning (TinyDL). While TinyML initially…

Clouds gather a vast volume of telemetry from their networked systems which contain valuable information that can help solve many of the problems that continue to plague them. However, it is hard to extract useful information from such raw…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Behnaz Arzani , Bita Rouhani

Large Language Models (LLMs) have resulted in a surging demand for planet-scale serving systems, where tens of thousands of GPUs continuously serve hundreds of millions of users. Consequently, throughput has emerged as a key metric that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Kan Zhu , Yufei Gao , Yilong Zhao , Liangyu Zhao , Gefei Zuo , Yile Gu , Dedong Xie , Tian Tang , Qinyu Xu , Zihao Ye , Keisuke Kamahori , Chien-Yu Lin , Ziren Wang , Stephanie Wang , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Baris Kasikci

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures significantly enhance the capacity of LLMs without proportional increases in computation, but at the cost of a vast parameter size. Offloading MoE expert parameters to host memory and leveraging both…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zeyu Zhu , Gang Li , Peisong Wang , Zitao Mo , Minnan Pei , Zhuoran Song , Xiaoyao Liang , Jian Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) can support democratic deliberation at scales previously constrained by turn-taking and facilitation bandwidth. Recent work shows that LLM-generated group statements are often preferred over human-mediated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Wajdi Zaghouani

Compound AI systems, orchestrating multiple AI components and external APIs, are increasingly vital but face challenges in managing complexity, handling ambiguity, and enabling effective development workflows. Existing frameworks often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Helena Zhang , Jakobi Haskell , Yosef Frost

The growing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various domains has driven the demand for efficient and scalable AI-serving solutions. Deploying LLMs requires optimizations to manage their significant computational and data…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Junsoo Kim , Hunjong Lee , Geonwoo Ko , Gyubin Choi , Seri Ham , Seongmin Hong , Joo-Young Kim

Rapid advancements in sixth-generation (6G) networks and large language models (LLMs) have paved the way for ubiquitous intelligence, wherein seamless connectivity and distributed artificial intelligence (AI) have revolutionized various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zitong Yu , Boquan Sun , Yang Li , Zheyan Qu , Xing Zhang