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We introduce a novel meme generation system, which given any image can produce a humorous and relevant caption. Furthermore, the system can be conditioned on not only an image but also a user-defined label relating to the meme template,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Abel L Peirson , E Meltem Tolunay

In recent years, the growing ubiquity of Internet memes on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, has become a topic of immense interest. However, the classification and recognition of memes is much more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Li Yuan , Jin Wang , Xuejie Zhang

The proliferation of multimodal memes in the social media era demands that multimodal Large Language Models (mLLMs) effectively understand meme harmfulness. Existing benchmarks for assessing mLLMs on harmful meme understanding rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zixin Chen , Hongzhan Lin , Kaixin Li , Ziyang Luo , Zhen Ye , Guang Chen , Zhiyong Huang , Jing Ma

The curation of hate speech datasets involves complex design decisions that balance competing priorities. This paper critically examines these methodological choices in a diverse range of datasets, highlighting common themes and practices,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Luna Wang , Andrew Caines , Alice Hutchings

The dynamic expansion of social media has led to an inundation of hateful memes on media platforms, accentuating the growing need for efficient identification and removal. Acknowledging the constraints of conventional multimodal hateful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Junxi Liu , Yanyan Feng , Jiehai Chen , Yun Xue , Fenghuan Li

There is a rapid increase in the use of multimedia content in current social media platforms. One of the highly popular forms of such multimedia content are memes. While memes have been primarily invented to promote funny and buoyant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Naquee Rizwan , Paramananda Bhaskar , Mithun Das , Swadhin Satyaprakash Majhi , Punyajoy Saha , Animesh Mukherjee

Idioms are figurative expressions whose meanings often cannot be inferred from their individual words, making them difficult to process computationally and posing challenges for human experimental studies. This survey reviews datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Michael Flor , Xinyi Liu , Anna Feldman

This work investigates the challenging task of identifying narrative roles - Hero, Villain, Victim, and Other - in Internet memes, across three diverse test sets spanning English and code-mixed (English-Hindi) languages. Building on an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shivam Sharma , Tanmoy Chakraborty

The expression of mental health symptoms through non-traditional means, such as memes, has gained remarkable attention over the past few years, with users often highlighting their mental health struggles through figurative intricacies…

Modeling user interfaces (UIs) from visual information allows systems to make inferences about the functionality and semantics needed to support use cases in accessibility, app automation, and testing. Current datasets for training machine…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Jason Wu , Siyan Wang , Siman Shen , Yi-Hao Peng , Jeffrey Nichols , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Hate speech is a challenging issue plaguing the online social media. While better models for hate speech detection are continuously being developed, there is little research on the bias and interpretability aspects of hate speech. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Binny Mathew , Punyajoy Saha , Seid Muhie Yimam , Chris Biemann , Pawan Goyal , Animesh Mukherjee

Internet memes have emerged as a popular multimodal medium, yet they are increasingly weaponized to convey harmful opinions through subtle rhetorical devices like irony and metaphor. Existing detection approaches, including Multimodal Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Wenshuo Wang , Ziyou Jiang , Junjie Wang , Mingyang Li , Jie Huang , Yuekai Huang , Zhiyuan Chang , Feiyan Duan , Qing Wang

Social media is daily creating massive multimedia content with paired image and text, presenting the pressing need to automate the vision and language understanding for various multimodal classification tasks. Compared to the commonly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Chunpu Xu , Jing Li

This paper describes our approach to hierarchical multi-label detection of persuasion techniques in meme texts. Our model, developed as a part of the recent SemEval task, is based on fine-tuning individual language models (BERT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Kota Shamanth Ramanath Nayak , Leila Kosseim

Memes are prevalent on the internet and continue to grow and evolve alongside our culture. An automatic understanding of memes propagating on the internet can shed light on the general sentiment and cultural attitudes of people. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Ana-Maria Bucur , Adrian Cosma , Ioan-Bogdan Iordache

Training models to high-end performance requires availability of large labeled datasets, which are expensive to get. The goal of our work is to automatically synthesize labeled datasets that are relevant for a downstream task. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Amlan Kar , Aayush Prakash , Ming-Yu Liu , Eric Cameracci , Justin Yuan , Matt Rusiniak , David Acuna , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Metaphor identification aims at understanding whether a given expression is used figuratively in context. However, in this paper we show how existing metaphor identification datasets can be gamed by fully ignoring the potential metaphorical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Joanne Boisson , Luis Espinosa-Anke , Jose Camacho-Collados

In order to study online hate speech, the availability of datasets containing the linguistic phenomena of interest are of crucial importance. However, when it comes to specific target groups, for example teenagers, collecting such data may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Alessio Palmero Aprosio , Stefano Menini , Sara Tonelli

The rapid spread of memes makes harmful content detection increasingly crucial, as effective identification can curb the circulation of misinformation. However, existing methods rely heavily on high-volume annotated data, which leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zihan Ding , Ziyuan Yang , Yi Zhang

Building a benchmark dataset for hate speech detection presents various challenges. Firstly, because hate speech is relatively rare, random sampling of tweets to annotate is very inefficient in finding hate speech. To address this, prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Md Mustafizur Rahman , Dinesh Balakrishnan , Dhiraj Murthy , Mucahid Kutlu , Matthew Lease