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A Language Model is a term that encompasses various types of models designed to understand and generate human communication. Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their ability to process text with human-like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Sylvio Barbon Junior , Paolo Ceravolo , Sven Groppe , Mustafa Jarrar , Samira Maghool , Florence Sèdes , Soror Sahri , Maurice Van Keulen

Language models are typically evaluated on their success at predicting the distribution of specific words in specific contexts. Yet linguistic knowledge also encodes relationships between contexts, allowing inferences between word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Michael Wilson , Jackson Petty , Robert Frank

When performing complex multi-step reasoning tasks, the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to derive structured intermediate proof steps is important for ensuring that the models truly perform the desired reasoning and for improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Zi'ou Zheng , Christopher Malon , Martin Renqiang Min , Xiaodan Zhu

When we speak, write or listen, we continuously make predictions based on our knowledge of a language's grammar. Remarkably, children acquire this grammatical knowledge within just a few years, enabling them to understand and generalise to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jaap Jumelet

Can a machine understand the meanings of natural language? Recent developments in the generative large language models (LLMs) of artificial intelligence have led to the belief that traditional philosophical assumptions about machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Vladimír Havlík

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly transformed the fields of natural and social sciences. Generative Agent-Based Models (GABMs), which utilize large language models in place of real subjects, are gaining increasing…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-20 Yikang Lu , Alberto Aleta , Chunpeng Du , Lei Shi , Yamir Moreno

This paper investigates the utilization of Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving complex linguistic puzzles, a domain requiring advanced reasoning and adept translation capabilities akin to human cognitive processes. We explore specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zheng-Lin Lin , Yu-Fei Shih , Shu-Kai Hsieh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the natural language processing landscape and brought to life diverse applications. Pretraining on vast web-scale data has laid the foundation for these models, yet the research community is now…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, the need for robust and standardized evaluation benchmarks becomes paramount. Evaluating the performance of these models is a complex challenge that requires careful consideration of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Marco AF Pimentel , Clément Christophe , Tathagata Raha , Prateek Munjal , Praveen K Kanithi , Shadab Khan

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has advanced rapidly in recent years, with large language models (LLMs) emerging as a significant breakthrough. LLMs are increasingly making an impact across various industries, with the medical field…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Zhiyu Kan , Wensheng Gan , Zhenlian Qi , Philip S. Yu

To address challenges in the digital economy's landscape of digital intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have been developed. Improvements in computational power and available resources have significantly advanced LLMs, allowing their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yanxin Zheng , Wensheng Gan , Zefeng Chen , Zhenlian Qi , Qian Liang , Philip S. Yu

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have unlocked transformative possibilities in natural language processing, particularly within the financial sector. Financial data is often embedded in intricate relationships across…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-21 Alejandro Lopez-Lira , Jihoon Kwon , Sangwoon Yoon , Jy-yong Sohn , Chanyeol Choi

In the past year, MultiModal Large Language Models (MM-LLMs) have undergone substantial advancements, augmenting off-the-shelf LLMs to support MM inputs or outputs via cost-effective training strategies. The resulting models not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Duzhen Zhang , Yahan Yu , Jiahua Dong , Chenxing Li , Dan Su , Chenhui Chu , Dong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming how students learn by providing readily available tools that can quickly augment or complete various learning activities with non-trivial performance. Similar paradigm shifts have occurred in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Rahul R. Divekar , Sophia Guerra , Lisette Gonzalez , Natasha Boos , Helen Zhou

We argue that language models (LMs) have strong potential as investigative tools for probing the distinction between possible and impossible natural languages and thus uncovering the inductive biases that support human language learning. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Julie Kallini , Christopher Potts

The rapid development of artificial intelligence has led to marked progress in the field. One interesting direction for research is whether Large Language Models (LLMs) can be integrated with structured knowledge-based systems. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Wenli Yang , Lilian Some , Michael Bain , Byeong Kang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a wide range of language tasks. However, their reasoning process is primarily guided by statistical patterns in training data, which limits their ability to handle novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Hong Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in handling general knowledge tasks, yet they struggle with user-specific personalization, such as understanding individual emotions, writing styles, and preferences. Personalized Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiahong Liu , Zexuan Qiu , Zhongyang Li , Quanyu Dai , Wenhao Yu , Jieming Zhu , Minda Hu , Menglin Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Irwin King

Large language models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities across a variety of tasks. Despite the models only seeing text in training, several recent studies suggest that LLM representations implicitly capture aspects of the underlying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yutaro Yamada , Yihan Bao , Andrew K. Lampinen , Jungo Kasai , Ilker Yildirim

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in the fields of mechanical engineering and materials science. As models that establish connections through the interface of language, LLMs can be applied for step-wise reasoning through…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Adrian Ehrenhofer , Thomas Wallmersperger , Gianaurelio Cuniberti