Related papers: Tying knots in particle physics
This short review presents a few case studies of finite electron systems for which strong correlations play a dominant role. In simple metal clusters, the valence electrons determine stability and shape of the clusters. The ionic skeleton…
We investigate the quantum theory of a vortex line in a stack of weakly-coupled two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates, that is created by a one-dimensional optical lattice. We derive the dispersion relation of the Kelvin modes of the…
Quantum correlation lies at the very heart of almost all the non-classical phenomena exhibited by quantum systems composed of more than one subsystem. In the recent days it has been pointed out that there exists quantum correlation, namely…
The nature of dark matter remains one of the greatest unsolved mysteries in elementary particle physics. It might well be that the dark matter particle belongs to a dark sector completely secluded or extremely weakly coupled to the visible…
At the early stage of the Universe evolution, when photons and neutrinos are no longer able to prevent nucleosynthesis, the key role is given to neutron component of matter. Neutron component creates a certain variety of the lightest…
Researchers have long been interested in exotic states of matter. In the early 1970s, Migdal proposed the existence of metastable or stable nuclei containing a pion condensate, and Bodmer posited the existence of collapsed nuclei with a…
Using a variational ansatz for the wave function of the Bose-Einstein condensate, we develop a quantum theory of vortices and quadrupole modes in a one-dimensional optical lattice. We study the coupling between the quadrupole modes and…
Bulk magnetism in solids is fundamentally quantum mechanical in nature. Yet in many situations, including our everyday encounters with magnetic materials, quantum effects are masked, and it often suffices to think of magnetism in terms of…
The exposure to intense electromagnetic radiation can induce distortions and symmetry breaking in the crystal structure of solids, providing a route for the all-optical control of their properties. In this manuscript, we formulate a unified…
The presence of superfluid phases in the interior of a neutron star affects its dynamics, as neutrons can flow relative to the non-superfluid (normal) components of the star with little or no viscosity. A probe of superfluidity comes from…
Electron scattering is an effective method to study the nuclear structure. For the odd-$A$ nuclei with proton holes in the outmost orbits, we investigate the contributions of proton holes to the nuclear quadrupole moments $Q$ and magnetic…
The Knot Entropy Conjecture states that the exponential growth rate of the number of $n$-edge lattice polygons with knot-type $K$ is the same as that for unknot polygons. Moreover, the next order growth follows a power law in $n$ with an…
Atomic experiments bring meaningful and valuable information on fundamental symmetries. The hypothesis of a large ($\sim 100$ eV) P-odd weak matrix element between single-particle states in heavy nuclei is inconsistent with the results of…
According to relativistic quantum mechanics, particles can be of negative kinetic energies (NKE). The author asserts in his previous works that the NKE substances are dark matters. Some NKE particles, say a pair of NKE electrons, can…
Light chemical elements are, for instance, produced through ion collisions taking place in the core of stars, where fusion is particularly important to the synthesis of chemical elements. Meanwhile soliton provides non-interacting…
Massive stars influence their parental molecular cloud, and it has long been suspected that the development of hydrodynamical instabilities can compress or fragment the cloud. Identifying such instabilities has proved difficult. It has been…
In this article, we give a rough, and so not complete yet, proof of Kashaev's conjecture, that is, the volume conjecture for hyperbolic knots, where the hyperbolicity equations associated to knot diagrams appear as the stationary phase…
This dissertation aims to deepen the understanding of the primordial composition of the Universe in the temperature range 300 MeV>T>0.02 MeV. I exploit known properties of elementary particles and apply methods of kinetic theory and…
Several materials, such as ferromagnets, spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, and some topological insulators, are now believed to support knotted structures. One of the most successful base-models having stable knots is the Faddeev-Skyrme…
In this chapter, we provide an overview of the physics of colliding black holes and neutron stars and of the impact of neutrinos on these systems. Observations of colliding neutron stars play an important role in nuclear astrophysics today.…