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End-to-end (E2E) spoken dialogue systems are increasingly replacing cascaded pipelines for voice-based human-AI interaction, processing raw audio directly without intermediate transcription. Existing benchmarks primarily evaluate these…

Code-switching is the use of more than one language in the same conversation or utterance. Recently, multilingual contextual embedding models, trained on multiple monolingual corpora, have shown promising results on cross-lingual and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Simran Khanuja , Sandipan Dandapat , Anirudh Srinivasan , Sunayana Sitaram , Monojit Choudhury

The field of emotion recognition of conversation (ERC) has been focusing on separating sentence feature encoding and context modeling, lacking exploration in generative paradigms based on unified designs. In this study, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shanglin Lei , Guanting Dong , Xiaoping Wang , Keheng Wang , Runqi Qiao , Sirui Wang

Recent advancements in reference-free learned metrics for open-domain dialogue evaluation have been driven by the progress in pre-trained language models and the availability of dialogue data with high-quality human annotations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Chen Zhang , Luis Fernando D'Haro , Chengguang Tang , Ke Shi , Guohua Tang , Haizhou Li

It is well known that translations generated by an excellent document-level neural machine translation (NMT) model are consistent and coherent. However, existing sentence-level evaluation metrics like BLEU can hardly reflect the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Xin Tan , Longyin Zhang , Guodong Zhou

Modern large language models (LLMs) should generally benefit individuals from various cultural backgrounds around the world. However, most recent advanced generative evaluation benchmarks tailed for LLMs mainly focus on English. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yang Liu , Meng Xu , Shuo Wang , Liner Yang , Haoyu Wang , Zhenghao Liu , Cunliang Kong , Yun Chen , Yang Liu , Maosong Sun , Erhong Yang

Current Grammar Error Correction (GEC) initiatives tend to focus on major languages, with less attention given to low-resource languages like Esperanto. In this article, we begin to bridge this gap by first conducting a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Junhong Liang

Providing timely and meaningful feedback remains a persistent challenge in higher education, especially in large courses where teachers must balance formative depth with scalability. Recent advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Alvaro Becerra , Ruth Cobos

We introduce EQ-Bench, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate aspects of emotional intelligence in Large Language Models (LLMs). We assess the ability of LLMs to understand complex emotions and social interactions by asking them to predict…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Samuel J. Paech

Error attribution in Large Language Model (LLM) multi-agent systems presents a significant challenge in debugging and improving collaborative AI systems. Current approaches to pinpointing agent and step level failures in interaction traces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Adi Banerjee , Anirudh Nair , Tarik Borogovac

Although pre-trained sequence-to-sequence models have achieved great success in dialogue response generation, chatbots still suffer from generating inconsistent responses in real-world practice, especially in multi-turn settings. We argue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Leyang Cui , Fandong Meng , Yijin Liu , Jie Zhou , Yue Zhang

Co-speech gestures, gestures that accompany speech, play an important role in human communication. Automatic co-speech gesture generation is thus a key enabling technology for embodied conversational agents (ECAs), since humans expect ECAs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Taras Kucherenko , Patrik Jonell , Youngwoo Yoon , Pieter Wolfert , Gustav Eje Henter

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) and feedback play a vital role in supporting second language (L2) learners, educators, and examiners. While written GEC is well-established, spoken GEC (SGEC), aiming to provide feedback based on learners'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Mengjie Qian , Rao Ma , Stefano Bannò , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

This research introduces a novel text generation model that combines BERT's semantic interpretation strengths with GPT-4's generative capabilities, establishing a high standard in generating coherent, contextually accurate language. Through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Jiajing Chen , Shuo Wang , Zhen Qi , Zhenhong Zhang , Chihang Wang , Hongye Zheng

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of domains. This paper explores their potential in pronunciation assessment tasks, with a particular focus on evaluating the capabilities of the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ke Wang , Lei He , Kun Liu , Yan Deng , Wenning Wei , Sheng Zhao

Powerful generative models have led to recent progress in question generation (QG). However, it is difficult to measure advances in QG research since there are no standardized resources that allow a uniform comparison among approaches. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Asahi Ushio , Fernando Alva-Manchego , Jose Camacho-Collados

Speculative Decoding promises to accelerate the inference of Large Language Models, yet its efficacy often degrades in production-grade serving. Existing evaluations typically overlook the compute-bound nature of high-concurrency regimes,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xinyi Hu , Yuhao Shen , Baolin Zhang , Hengxin Zhang , Jun Dai , Shuang Ge , Lei Chen , Yue Li , Mingcheng Wan

We introduce ECHo (Event Causality Inference via Human-Centric Reasoning), a diagnostic dataset of event causality inference grounded in visio-linguistic social scenarios. ECHo employs real-world human-centric deductive information building…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yuxi Xie , Guanzhen Li , Min-Yen Kan

Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) presents unique challenges, requiring models to capture the temporal flow of multi-turn dialogues and to effectively integrate cues from multiple modalities. We propose Mixture of Speech-Text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Soumya Dutta , Smruthi Balaji , Sriram Ganapathy

Detecting toxic language including sexism, harassment and abusive behaviour, remains a critical challenge, particularly in its subtle and context-dependent forms. Existing approaches largely focus on isolated message-level classification,…