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Graph-structured data is ubiquitous in today's connected world, driving extensive research in graph analysis. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown great success in this field, leading to growing interest in developing fair GNNs for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Xuemin Wang , Tianlong Gu , Xuguang Bao , Liang Chang

Federated graph learning (FGL) enables collaborative training of graph neural networks (GNNs) across decentralized subgraphs without exposing raw data. While existing FGL methods often achieve high overall accuracy, we show that this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Zekai Chen , Kairui Yang , Xunkai Li , Henan Sun , Zhihan Zhang , Jia Li , Qiangqiang Dai , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks such as node classification, link prediction, and graph representation learning. However, they remain susceptible to biases that can arise not only from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mahdi Tavassoli Kejani , Fadi Dornaika , Charlotte Laclau , Jean-Michel Loubes

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely used for various types of graph data processing and analytical tasks in different domains. Training GNNs over centralized graph data can be infeasible due to privacy concerns and regulatory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Nan Cui , Xiuling Wang , Wendy Hui Wang , Violet Chen , Yue Ning

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated exceptional efficacy in relational learning tasks, including node classification and link prediction. However, their application raises significant fairness concerns, as GNNs can perpetuate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Mahdi Tavassoli Kejani , Fadi Dornaika , Jean-Michel Loubes

Fair machine learning aims to mitigate the biases of model predictions against certain subpopulations regarding sensitive attributes such as race and gender. Among the many existing fairness notions, counterfactual fairness measures the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Jing Ma , Ruocheng Guo , Mengting Wan , Longqi Yang , Aidong Zhang , Jundong Li

The persistent challenge of bias in machine learning models necessitates robust solutions to ensure parity and equal treatment across diverse groups, particularly in classification tasks. Current methods for mitigating bias often result in…

Graphs can facilitate modeling various complex systems such as gene networks and power grids, as well as analyzing the underlying relations within them. Learning over graphs has recently attracted increasing attention, particularly graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 O. Deniz Kose , Yanning Shen

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promise in addressing graph-related problems, including node classification. However, conventional GNNs assume an even distribution of data across classes, which is often not the case in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zirui Liang , Yuntao Li , Tianjin Huang , Akrati Saxena , Yulong Pei , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown great power in modeling graph structured data. However, similar to other machine learning models, GNNs may make predictions biased on protected sensitive attributes, e.g., skin color and gender.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

Graph neural network (GNN) based methods have saturated the field of recommender systems. The gains of these systems have been significant, showing the advantages of interpreting data through a network structure. However, despite the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Rebecca Salganik , Fernando Diaz , Golnoosh Farnadi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in tackling a wide array of graph-related tasks across diverse domains. However, a significant challenge lies in their propensity to generate biased predictions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Abdullah Alchihabi , Yuhong Guo

Individual fairness (IF) in graph neural networks (GNNs), which emphasizes the need for similar individuals should receive similar outcomes from GNNs, has been a critical issue. Despite its importance, research in this area has been largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuchang Zhu , Jintang Li , Huizhe Zhang , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Graph representation learning has become a ubiquitous component in many scenarios, ranging from social network analysis to energy forecasting in smart grids. In several applications, ensuring the fairness of the node (or graph)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Amir Hussain , Aurelio Uncini

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have made significant progress, but often suffer from fairness issues, as deep models typically show distinct accuracy differences among certain subgroups (e.g., males and females). Existing research addresses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Tianlin Li , Qing Guo , Aishan Liu , Mengnan Du , Zhiming Li , Yang Liu

Graph federated learning enables the collaborative extraction of high-order information from distributed subgraphs while preserving the privacy of raw data. However, graph data often exhibits overlap among different clients. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zihao Zhou , Shusen Yang , Fangyuan Zhao , Xuebin Ren

Despite a surge of recent advances in promoting machine Learning (ML) fairness, the existing mainstream approaches mostly require retraining or finetuning the entire weights of the neural network to meet the fairness criteria. However, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Guanhua Zhang , Yihua Zhang , Yang Zhang , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li , Sijia Liu , Shiyu Chang

The importance of achieving fairness in machine learning models cannot be overstated. Recent research has pointed out that fairness should be examined from a causal perspective, and several fairness notions based on the on Pearl's causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Xuan Zhao , Klaus Broelemann , Salvatore Ruggieri , Gjergji Kasneci

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly used in real-world applications (e.g. facial recognition). This has resulted in concerns about the fairness of decisions made by these models. Various notions and measures of fairness have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Vedant Nanda , Samuel Dooley , Sahil Singla , Soheil Feizi , John P. Dickerson

Imbalanced node classification is a critical challenge in graph learning, where most existing methods typically utilize Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to learn node representations. These methods can be broadly categorized into the data-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Zhixiao Wang , Chaofan Zhu , Qihan Feng , Jian Zhang , Xiaobin Rui , Philip S Yu