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Harnessing the intrinsic dynamics of physical systems for information processing opens new avenues for computation embodied in matter. Using simulations of a model system, we show that assemblies of DNA tiles capable of self-organizing into…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-23 Tim E. Veenstra , René van Roij , Marjolein Dijkstra

The fixed point construction is a method for designing tile sets and cellular automata with highly nontrivial dynamical and computational properties. It produces an infinite hierarchy of systems where each layer simulates the next one. The…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Ilkka Törmä

Since its introduction by Erik Winfree in 1998, the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) has inspired a wealth of research. As an abstract model for tile based self-assembly, it has proven to be remarkably powerful and expressive in terms of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-03-18 Matthew J. Patitz

This talk advocates intrinsic universality as a notion to identify simple cellular automata with complex computational behavior. After an historical introduction and proper definitions of intrinsic universality, which is discussed with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-06-18 Nicolas Ollinger

We investigate the role of nondeterminism in Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM), which was conceived to model artificial molecular self-assembling systems constructed from DNA. Of particular practical importance is to find tile…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-11-29 Nathaniel Bryans , Ehsan Chiniforooshan , David Doty , Lila Kari , Shinnosuke Seki

The paper proposes a simple formalism for dealing with deterministic, non-deterministic and stochastic cellular automata in a unifying and composable manner. Armed with this formalism, we extend the notion of intrinsic simulation between…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Pablo Arrighi , Nicolas Schabanel , Guillaume Theyssier

Universality in cellular automata theory is a central problem studied and developed from their origins by John von Neumann. In this paper, we present an algorithm where any Turing machine can be converted to one-dimensional cellular…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2019-07-10 Sergio J. Martinez , Ivan M. Mendoza , Genaro J. Martinez , Shigeru Ninagawa

Cognitive computation such as e.g. language processing, is conventionally regarded as Turing computation, and Turing machines can be uniquely implemented as nonlinear dynamical systems using generalized shifts and subsequent G\"odel…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Peter beim Graben , Roland Potthast

Tile assembly systems in the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) are computationally universal and capable of building complex shapes, but DNA-based implementations encounter formidable error rates that stifle this theoretical potential.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Phillip Drake , Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

In this paper we define the Dupled abstract Tile Assembly Model (DaTAM), which is a slight extension to the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) that allows for not only the standard square tiles, but also "duple" tiles which are rectangles…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-03-10 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers , Scott M. Summers

In this paper, we introduce a sparse Tsetlin Machine (TM) with absorbing Tsetlin Automata (TA) states. In brief, the TA of each clause literal has both an absorbing Exclude- and an absorbing Include state, making the learning scheme…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Bimal Bhattarai , Ole-Christoffer Granmo , Lei Jiao , Per-Arne Andersen , Svein Anders Tunheim , Rishad Shafik , Alex Yakovlev

The notions of universality and completeness are central in the theories of computation and computational complexity. However, proving lower bounds and necessary conditions remains hard in most of the cases. In this article, we introduce…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-09-17 Eric Goles Chacc , Pierre-Etienne Meunier , Ivan Rapaport , Guillaume Theyssier

We consider non cooperative binding in so called `temperature 1', in deterministic (here called {\it confluent}) tile self-assembly systems (1-TAS) and prove the standing conjecture that such systems do not have universal computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Jérôme Durand-Lose , Hendrik Jan Hoogeboom , Nataša Jonoska

A Cellular Automata (CA) rule is presented that can generate "loop patterns" in a 2D grid under fixed boundary conditions. A loop is a cyclically closed path represented by one-cells enclosed by zero-cells. A loop pattern can contain…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-05-30 Rolf Hoffmann , Mariusz Białecki

We present a suite of algorithmic techniques for handling substitution tilings by treating a tile's hierarchy of supertiles in a purely combinatorial fashion using finite state automata. The resulting techniques are very convenient for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Simon Tatham

We ask the question of how small a self-assembling set of tiles can be yet have interesting computational behaviour. We study this question in a model where supporting walls are provided as an input structure for tiles to grow along: we…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Matthew Cook , Tristan Stérin , Damien Woods

In this paper we show that passive self-assembly in the context of the tile self-assembly model is capable of performing fuel efficient, universal computation. The tile self-assembly model is a premiere model of self-assembly in which…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-09 Robert Schweller , Michael Sherman

We introduce staged self-assembly of Wang tiles, where tiles can be added dynamically in sequence and where intermediate constructions can be stored for later mixing. This model and its various constraints and performance measures are…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2008-03-04 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Sandor P. Fekete , Mashhood Ishaque , Eynat Rafalin , Robert T. Schweller , Diane Souvaine

We show the first non-trivial positive algorithmic results (i.e. programs whose output is larger than their size), in a model of self-assembly that has so far resisted many attempts of formal analysis or programming: the planar…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2014-07-11 Pierre-Étienne Meunier

Majumder, Reif and Sahu have presented a stochastic model of reversible, error-permitting, two-dimensional tile self-assembly, and showed that restricted classes of tile assembly systems achieved equilibrium in (expected) polynomial time.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-08-04 Aaron Sterling