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Test-time adaptation paradigm provides flexibility towards domain shifts by performing immediate adaptation on unlabeled target data from the source model. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage their generalization capabilities for diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jisu Han , Wonjun Hwang

Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) is an effective tuning method for adapting pretrained Vision Transformers (ViTs) to downstream tasks. It leverages extra learnable tokens, known as prompts, which steer the frozen pretrained ViTs. Although VPT has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Seungryong Yoo , Eunji Kim , Dahuin Jung , Jungbeom Lee , Sungroh Yoon

Pre-Trained Vision-Language Models (VL-PTMs) have shown promising capabilities in grounding natural language in image data, facilitating a broad variety of cross-modal tasks. However, we note that there exists a significant gap between the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Yuan Yao , Ao Zhang , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Tat-Seng Chua , Maosong Sun

Prompt tuning (PT) offers a cost-effective alternative to fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs), requiring only a few parameters in soft prompt tokens added before the input text. However, existing PT approaches face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Pengxiang Lan , Haoyu Xu , Enneng Yang , Yuliang Liang , Guibing Guo , Jianzhe Zhao , Xingwei Wang

Prompt tuning (PT), where a small amount of trainable soft (continuous) prompt vectors is affixed to the input of language models (LM), has shown promising results across various tasks and models for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have played an increasing role in multimedia research. In terms of vision-language (VL) tasks, they often serve as a language encoder and still require an additional fusion network for VL reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Shubin Huang , Qiong Wu , Yiyi Zhou , Weijie Chen , Rongsheng Zhang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models have shown significant promise in adapting to various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire network is challenging due to the massive number of model parameters. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jingchen Sun , Jiayu Qin , Zihao Lin , Changyou Chen

In recent years, the deployment of large-scale pre-trained models in audio-visual downstream tasks has yielded remarkable outcomes. However, these models, primarily trained on single-modality unconstrained datasets, still encounter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Haoyi Duan , Yan Xia , Mingze Zhou , Li Tang , Jieming Zhu , Zhou Zhao

The Base-New Trade-off (BNT) problem universally exists during the optimization of CLIP-based prompt tuning, where continuous fine-tuning on base (target) classes leads to a simultaneous decrease of generalization ability on new (unseen)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Haoyang Li , Liang Wang , Chao Wang , Jing Jiang , Yan Peng , Guodong Long

As a prominent parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique in NLP, prompt tuning is being explored its potential in computer vision. Typical methods for visual prompt tuning follow the sequential modeling paradigm stemming from NLP, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Wenjie Pei , Tongqi Xia , Fanglin Chen , Jinsong Li , Jiandong Tian , Guangming Lu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable generalization capabilities via prompting, which leverages VLMs as knowledge bases to extract information beneficial for downstream tasks. However, existing methods primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Xiaoyu Qiu , Hao Feng , Yuechen Wang , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

Prompt learning is one of the most effective and trending ways to adapt powerful vision-language foundation models like CLIP to downstream datasets by tuning learnable prompt vectors with very few samples. However, although prompt learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Cairong Zhao , Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , Yifei Shen , Kaitao Song , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao

Prompt learning has become one of the most efficient paradigms for adapting large pre-trained vision-language models to downstream tasks. Current state-of-the-art methods, like CoOp and ProDA, tend to adopt soft prompts to learn an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Sifan Long , Zhen Zhao , Junkun Yuan , Zichang Tan , Jiangjiang Liu , Luping Zhou , Shengsheng Wang , Jingdong Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated exceptional generalization capabilities for downstream tasks. Due to its efficiency, prompt learning has gradually become a more effective and efficient method for transferring VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenhao Ding , Xinyuan Gao , Songlin Dong , Jizhou Han , Qiang Wang , Zhengdong Zhou , Yuhang He , Yihong Gong

The objective of this work is to explore how to effectively and efficiently adapt pre-trained visual foundation models to various downstream tasks of semantic segmentation. Previous methods usually fine-tuned the entire networks for each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Lingbo Liu , Jianlong Chang , Bruce X. B. Yu , Liang Lin , Qi Tian , Chang-Wen Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable performance across a wide range of domains, with increasing emphasis on enhancing their zero-shot generalization capabilities for unseen tasks across various modalities.…

With the scale of vision Transformer-based models continuing to grow, finetuning these large-scale pretrained models for new tasks has become increasingly parameter-intensive. Visual prompt tuning is introduced as a parameter-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Runjia Zeng , Cheng Han , Qifan Wang , Chunshu Wu , Tong Geng , Lifu Huang , Ying Nian Wu , Dongfang Liu

Test-time prompt tuning (TPT) has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing the adaptability of vision-language models by optimizing textual prompts using unlabeled test data. However, prior studies have observed that TPT often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Hyeonseo Jang , Jaebyeong Jeon , Joong-Won Hwang , Kibok Lee

Prompt-based fine-tuning has boosted the performance of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) on few-shot text classification by employing task-specific prompts. Yet, PLMs are unfamiliar with prompt-style expressions during pre-training, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Jianing Wang , Chengyu Wang , Fuli Luo , Chuanqi Tan , Minghui Qiu , Fei Yang , Qiuhui Shi , Songfang Huang , Ming Gao

Prompt Tuning, conditioning on task-specific learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a data-efficient and parameter-efficient method for adapting large pretrained vision-language models to multiple downstream tasks. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Sheng Shen , Shijia Yang , Tianjun Zhang , Bohan Zhai , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell