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Recent cosmological observations have achieved high-precision measurements of the Universe's expansion history, prompting the use of nonparametric methods such as Gaussian processes (GP) regression. We apply GP regression for reconstructing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-21 Jia-yan Jiang , Kang Jiao , Tong-Jie Zhang

The Gaussian process (GP) is a widely used probabilistic machine learning method with implicit uncertainty characterization for stochastic function approximation, stochastic modeling, and analyzing real-world measurements of nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Mark D. Risser , Marcus M. Noack , Hengrui Luo , Ronald Pandolfi

Advances in hyperspectral imaging modes including electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) bring forth the challenges of exploratory and subsequently physics-based analysis of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-05-22 Sergei V. Kalinin , Andrew R. Lupini , Rama K. Vasudevan , Maxim Ziatdinov

We apply Gaussian processes (GP) in order to impose constraints on teleparallel gravity and its $f(T)$ extensions. We use available $H(z)$ observations from (i) cosmic chronometers data (CC); (ii) Supernova Type Ia (SN) data from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Rebecca Briffa , Salvatore Capozziello , Jackson Levi Said , Jurgen Mifsud , Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We present a novel computational approach for extracting weak signals, whose exact location and width may be unknown, from complex background distributions with an arbitrary functional form. We focus on datasets that can be naturally…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-03-22 Abhijith Gandrakota , Amitabh Lath , Alexandre V. Morozov , Sindhu Murthy

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are flexible, nonparametric Bayesian models widely used for regression and classification because of their ability to capture complex data patterns and quantify predictive uncertainty. However, the O(n^3)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Hua Huang , Tianshi Xu , Yuanzhe Xi , Edmond Chow

Gaussian processes provide a flexible, non-parametric framework for the approximation of functions in high-dimensional spaces. The covariance kernel is the main engine of Gaussian processes, incorporating correlations that underpin the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-20 Dionissios T. Hristopulos

Estimating causal effects in quasi-experiments with spatio-temporal panel data often requires adjusting for unmeasured confounding that varies across space and time. Gaussian Processes (GPs) offer a flexible, nonparametric modeling approach…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Sofia L. Vega , Rachel C. Nethery

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a popular model for spatially referenced data and allow descriptive statements, predictions at new locations, and simulation of new fields. Often a few parameters are sufficient to parameterize the covariance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-01 Florian Gerber , Douglas W. Nychka

The Gaussian process (GP) is a popular statistical technique for stochastic function approximation and uncertainty quantification from data. GPs have been adopted into the realm of machine learning in the last two decades because of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-02 Marcus M. Noack , Hengrui Luo , Mark D. Risser

Gaussian processes (GPs) are ubiquitous tools for modeling and predicting continuous processes in physical and engineering sciences. This is partly due to the fact that one may employ a Gaussian process as an interpolator while facilitating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-16 D. Andrew Brown , Peter Kiessler , John Nicholson

The application of Gaussian processes (GPs) to large data sets is limited due to heavy memory and computational requirements. A variety of methods has been proposed to enable scalability, one of which is to exploit structure in the kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Jan Graßhoff , Alexandra Jankowski , Philipp Rostalski

We introduce new Gaussian Process (GP) high-order approximations to linear operations that are frequently used in various numerical methods. Our method employs the kernel-based GP regression modeling, a non-parametric Bayesian approach to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Christopher DeGrendele , Dongwook Lee

Bayesian model updating based on Gaussian Process (GP) models has received attention in recent years, which incorporates kernel-based GPs to provide enhanced fidelity response predictions. Although most kernel functions provide high fitting…

Kernel models of potential energy surfaces (PES) for polyatomic molecules are often restricted by a specific choice of the kernel function. This can be avoided by optimizing the complexity of the kernel function. For regression problems…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Jun Dai , Roman V. Krems

Gaussian processes have become a popular tool for nonparametric regression because of their flexibility and uncertainty quantification. However, they often use stationary kernels, which limit the expressiveness of the model and may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Zachary James , Joseph Guinness

In recent years, Gaussian Process (GP) regression has become widely used to analyse stellar and exoplanet time-series data sets. For spotted stars, the most popular GP covariance function is the quasi-periodic (QP) kernel, whose the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-03 Belinda A. Nicholson , Suzanne Aigrain

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

Gaussian processes (GP) are Bayesian non-parametric models that are widely used for probabilistic regression. Unfortunately, it cannot scale well with large data nor perform real-time predictions due to its cubic time cost in the data size.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-27 Jie Chen , Nannan Cao , Kian Hsiang Low , Ruofei Ouyang , Colin Keng-Yan Tan , Patrick Jaillet

We propose a representation of Gaussian processes (GPs) based on powers of the integral operator defined by a kernel function, we call these stochastic processes integral Gaussian processes (IGPs). Sample paths from IGPs are functions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-08 Zilong Tan , Sayan Mukherjee
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