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Chatbots are intelligent conversational computer systems designed to mimic human conversation to enable automated online guidance and support. The increased benefits of chatbots led to their wide adoption by many industries in order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Guendalina Caldarini , Sardar Jaf , Kenneth McGarry

Efforts have been made to make machines converse like humans in the past few decades. The recent techniques of Large Language Models (LLMs) make it possible to have human-like conversations with machines, but LLM's flaws of lacking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yankai Zeng

The Transformer architecture has become prominent in developing large causal language models. However, mechanisms to explain its capabilities are not well understood. Focused on the training process, here we establish a meta-learning view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xinbo Wu , Lav R. Varshney

In recent years, several high-performance conversational systems have been proposed based on the Transformer encoder-decoder model. Although previous studies analyzed the effects of the model parameters and the decoding method on subjective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Hiroaki Sugiyama , Masahiro Mizukami , Tsunehiro Arimoto , Hiromi Narimatsu , Yuya Chiba , Hideharu Nakajima , Toyomi Meguro

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes a prominent part of modern life, AI literacy is becoming important for all citizens, not just those in technology careers. Previous research in AI education materials has largely focused on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Kate Pearce , Sharifa Alghowinem , Cynthia Breazeal

Recent years have seen an increasing number of applications that have a natural language interface, either in the form of chatbots or via personal assistants such as Alexa (Amazon), Google Assistant, Siri (Apple), and Cortana (Microsoft).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Avichai Levy , Erez Karpas

This paper introduces the concept of Language-Guided World Models (LWMs) -- probabilistic models that can simulate environments by reading texts. Agents equipped with these models provide humans with more extensive and efficient control,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Alex Zhang , Khanh Nguyen , Jens Tuyls , Albert Lin , Karthik Narasimhan

Beyond mere formality, small talk plays a pivotal role in social dynamics, serving as a verbal handshake for building rapport and understanding. For conversational AI and social robots, the ability to engage in small talk enhances their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Rebecca Ramnauth , Dražen Brščić , Brian Scassellati

Large Language Models demonstrate remarkable mathematical capabilities but at the same time struggle with abstract reasoning and planning. In this study, we explore whether Transformers can learn to abstract and generalize the rules…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Mikhail Burtsev

The use of chatbots has spread, generating great interest in the industry for the possibility of automating tasks within the execution of their processes. The implementation of chatbots, however simple, is a complex endeavor that involves…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Bedilia Estrada-Torres , Adela del-Río-Ortega , Manuel Resinas

This research provides an in-depth comprehensive review of the progress of chatbot technology over time, from the initial basic systems relying on rules to today's advanced conversational bots powered by artificial intelligence. Spanning…

General Literature · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Md. Al-Amin , Mohammad Shazed Ali , Abdus Salam , Arif Khan , Ashraf Ali , Ahsan Ullah , Md Nur Alam , Shamsul Kabir Chowdhury

Autonomous intelligent agents are playing increasingly important roles in our lives. They contain information about us and start to perform tasks on our behalves. Chatbots are an example of such agents that need to engage in a complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Abeer Dyoub , Stefania Costantini , Francesca A. Lisi

What do large language models actually model? Do they tell us something about human capacities, or are they models of the corpus we've trained them on? I give a non-deflationary defence of the latter position. Cognitive science tells us…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Colin Klein

Apart from the coherence and fluency of responses, an empathetic chatbot emphasizes more on people's feelings. By considering altruistic behaviors between human interaction, empathetic chatbots enable people to get a better interactive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Jiun-Hao Jhan , Chao-Peng Liu , Shyh-Kang Jeng , Hung-Yi Lee

The increasing use of dialogue agents makes it extremely desirable for them to understand and acknowledge the implied emotions to respond like humans with empathy. Chatbots using traditional techniques analyze emotions based on the context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Akhilesh Ravi , Amit Yadav , Jainish Chauhan , Jatin Dholakia , Naman Jain , Mayank Singh

Emotion Recognition in Conversation (ERC) is a more challenging task than conventional text emotion recognition. It can be regarded as a personalized and interactive emotion recognition task, which is supposed to consider not only the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Jiangnan Li , Zheng Lin , Peng Fu , Qingyi Si , Weiping Wang

We propose a way to use a transformer-based language model in conversational speech recognition. Specifically, we focus on decoding efficiently in a weighted finite-state transducer framework. We showcase an approach to lattice re-scoring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Kareem Nassar

Collecting human-chatbot dialogues typically demands substantial manual effort and is time-consuming, which limits and poses challenges for research on conversational AI. In this work, we propose DialogueForge - a framework for generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruizhe Zhu , Hao Zhu , Yaxuan Li , Syang Zhou , Shijing Cai , Malgorzata Lazuka , Elliott Ash

Human conversations consist of reasonable and natural topic flows, which are observed as the shifts of the mentioned concepts across utterances. Previous chatbots that incorporate the external commonsense knowledge graph prove that modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Pengda Si , Yao Qiu , Jinchao Zhang , Yujiu Yang

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence has resulted in the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) with the capacity to produce text that closely resembles human communication. These models have been seamlessly integrated into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zenon Lamprou , Yashar Moshfeghi