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For $f$ a Rademacher or Steinhaus random multiplicative function, we prove that $$ \max_{\theta \in [0,1]} \frac{1}{\sqrt{N}} \Bigl| \sum_{n \leq N} f(n) \mathrm{e} (n \theta) \Bigr| \gg \sqrt{\log N} ,$$ asymptotically almost surely as $N…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Seth Hardy

In this paper we study the hard sphere packing problem in the Hamming space by the cavity method. We show that both the replica symmetric and the replica symmetry breaking approximations give maximum rates of packing that are asymptotically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. Ramezanpour , R. Zecchina

This paper has two agendas. Firstly, we exhibit new results for coverage processes. Let $p(n,m,\alpha)$ be the probability that $n$ spherical caps of angular radius $\alpha$ in $S^m$ do not cover the whole sphere $S^m$. We give an exact…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-17 Peter Bürgisser , Felipe Cucker , Martin Lotz

Let a planar residual set be a set obtained by removing countably many disjoint topological disks from an open set in the plane. We prove that the residual set of a planar packing by curves that satisfy a certain lower curvature bound has…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Steven Maio , Dimitrios Ntalampekos

Given $N$ geodesic caps on the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and whose total normalized surface area sums to one, what is the maximal surface area their union can cover? In this work, we provide an asymptotically sharp upper bound for an…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-12-25 Steven Hoehner , Gil Kur

Pfender \textit{[J. Combin. Theory Ser. A, 2007]} provided a one-line proof for a variant of the Delsarte-Goethals-Seidel-Kabatianskii-Levenshtein upper bound for spherical codes, which offers an upper bound for the celebrated…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-17 K. Mahesh Krishna

This is the fifth in a series of papers giving a proof of the Kepler conjecture, which asserts that the density of a packing of congruent spheres in three dimensions is never greater than $\pi/\sqrt{18}\approx 0.74048...$. This is the…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas C. Hales

A fundamental quantity of interest in Shannon theory, classical or quantum, is the optimal error exponent of a given channel W and rate R: the constant E(W,R) which governs the exponential decay of decoding error when using ever larger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-26 Joseph M. Renes

A fundamental open question in self-supervised learning (SSL) is the explicit characterization of the optimal geometry of the learned representations. Recently, LeJEPA identified isotropic Gaussian embeddings as optimal for minimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Léo Nicollier , Max Dunitz , Marc Pic , Pablo Musé , Enric Meinhardt-Llopis , Gabriele Facciolo

We consider the classical and relativistic Vlasov-Poisson systems with spherically-symmetric initial data and prove the optimal decay rates for all suitable $L^p$ norms of the charge density and electric field, as well as, the optimal…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-06-15 Stephen Pankavich

We study the min-max optimization problem where each function contributing to the max operation is strongly-convex and smooth with bounded gradient in the search domain. By smoothing the max operator, we show the ability to achieve an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Hakan Gokcesu , Kaan Gokcesu , Suleyman Serdar Kozat

We develop a framework for obtaining linear programming bounds for spherical codes whose inner products belong to a prescribed subinterval $[\ell,s]$ of $[-1,1)$. An intricate relationship between Levenshtein-type upper bounds on…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2018-01-24 P. G. Boyvalenkov , P. D. Dragnev , D. P. Hardin , E. B. Saff , M. M. Stoyanova

The kissing number of $\mathbb{R}^n$ is the maximum number of pairwise-nonoverlapping unit spheres that can simultaneously touch a central unit sphere. Mittelmann and Vallentin (2010), based on the semidefinite programming bound of Bachoc…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-19 Fabrício Caluza Machado , Fernando Mário de Oliveira Filho

We study density thresholds that force a measurable set $E\subseteq\mathbb{R}^d$ to contain all sufficiently large similar copies of every $n$-point configuration. We prove a lower bound of the form $1-O((\log n)/n)$, which matches the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Vjekoslav Kovač , Adian Anibal Santos Sepčić

We generalize the maximal diameter sphere theorem due to Toponogov by means of the radial curvature. As a corollary to our main theorem, we prove that for a complete connected Riemannian $n$-manifold $M$ having radial sectional curvature at…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-11-20 Nathaphon Boonnam

We consider a process given as the solution of a stochastic differential equation with irregular, path dependent and time-inhomogeneous drift coefficient and additive noise. Explicit and optimal bounds for the Lebesgue density of that…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-08-04 David Baños , Paul Krühner

The paper concerns the uniform polynomial approximation of a function $f$, continuous on the unit Euclidean sphere of ${\mathbb R}^3$ and known only at a finite number of points that are somehow uniformly distributed on the sphere. First we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-10 Woula Themistoclakis , Marc Van Barel

For $t \in [-1, 1)$, a set of points on the $(n-1)$-dimensional unit sphere is called $t$-almost equiangular if among any three distinct points there is a pair with inner product $t$. We propose a semidefinite programming upper bound for…

We use computational experiments to find the rectangles of minimum area into which a given number n of non-overlapping congruent circles can be packed. No assumption is made on the shape of the rectangles. Most of the packings found have…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Boris D. Lubachevsky , Ronald Graham

Sphere decoding (SD) of polar codes is an efficient method to achieve the error performance of maximum likelihood (ML) decoding. But the complexity of the conventional sphere decoder is still high, where the candidates in a target sphere…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-14 Kai Niu , Kai Chen , Jiaru Lin