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Virtual beam diagnostics relies on computationally intensive beam dynamics simulations where high-dimensional charged particle beams evolve through the accelerator. We propose Latent Evolution Model (LEM), a hybrid machine learning…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2026-02-27 Mahindra Rautela , Alexander Scheinker

Delivering sub-micrometer particles to an intense x-ray focus is a crucial aspect of single-particle diffractive-imaging experiments at x-ray free-electron lasers. Enabling direct visualization of sub-micrometer aerosol particle streams…

As a new-generation light source, free-electron lasers (FELs) provide high-brightness X-ray pulses at the angstrom-femtosecond space and time scales. The fundamental physics behind the FEL is the interaction between an electromagnetic wave…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-08-02 Jiawei Yan , Nanshun Huang , Haixiao Deng , Bo Liu , Dong Wang , Zhentang Zhao

Modeling the time-dependent evolution of electron density is essential for understanding quantum mechanical behaviors of condensed matter and enabling predictive simulations in spectroscopy, photochemistry, and ultrafast science. Yet, while…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Yuan Chiang , Youngsoo Choi , Daniel Osei-Kuffuor

Leveraging the full scientific capabilities of next-generation high-repetition-rate free-electron lasers requires programmable control over electron-beam properties at their source. The photoinjector drive laser defines the electron beam's…

X-ray diffraction from molecules in the ground state produces an image of their charge density, and time-resolved X-ray diffraction can thus monitor the motion of the nuclei. However, the density change of excited valence electrons upon…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-06-15 Jérémy R. Rouxel , Markus Kowalewski , Kochise Bennett , Shaul Mukamel

Electron beam accelerators are essential in many scientific and technological fields. Their operation relies heavily on the stability and precision of the electron beam. Traditional diagnostic techniques encounter difficulties in addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Till Korten , Vladimir Rybnikov , Mathias Vogt , Juliane Roensch-Schulenburg , Peter Steinbach , Najmeh Mirian

Laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs), producing high-quality electron beams, provide an opportunity to reduce the size of free-electron lasers (FELs) to only a few meters. A complete system is proposed here, which is based on FEL technology and…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Z. Tibai , Gy. Tóth , A. Nagyváradi , A. Sharma , M. I. Mechler , J. A. Fülöp , G. Almási , J. Hebling

Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) in a gas cell target separating injection and acceleration section has been investigated to produce high-quality electron beams. A detailed study has been performed on controlling the quality of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Srimanta Maity , Alamgir Mondal , Eugene Vishnyakov , Alexander Molodozhentsev

We are proposing a facility based on high gradient acceleration via x-band RF structures and plasma acceleration. We plan to reach an electron energy of the order of 1 GeV, suitable to drive a Free Electron Laser for applications in the so…

Generative modeling frameworks have emerged as an effective approach to capture high-dimensional image distributions from large datasets without requiring domain-specific knowledge, a capability essential for longitudinal disease…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ayantika Das , Arunima Sarkar , Keerthi Ram , Mohanasankar Sivaprakasam

The stochastic formation of defects during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) negatively impacts its adoption for high-precision use cases. Optical monitoring techniques can be used to identify defects based on layer-wise imaging, but these…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-23 Francis Ogoke , Sumesh Kalambettu Suresh , Jesse Adamczyk , Dan Bolintineanu , Anthony Garland , Michael Heiden , Amir Barati Farimani

Laser Plasma Accelerators (LPA) can sustain GeV/m accelerating fields offering outstanding new possibilities for compact applications. Despite the impressive recent developments, the LPA beam quality is still significantly lower than in the…

Plasma driven particle accelerators represent the future of compact accelerating machines and Free Electron Lasers are going to benefit from these new technologies. One of the main issue of this new approach to FEL machines is the design of…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-12-26 M. Rossetti Conti , A. Bacci , A. Giribono , V. Petrillo , A. R. Rossi , L. Serafini , C. Vaccarezza

Free-electron lasers (FELs) provide a revolutionary tool for capturing the structure and dynamics of matter in real time at the atomic scale. The size and cost of FELs can be substantially reduced by using laser wakefield acceleration…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Hengyuan Xiao , Fei Li , Shuang Liu , Yuchen Jiang , Siqin Ding , Zhi Song , Jianfei Hua , Wei Lu

Preparing training data for deep vision models is a labor-intensive task. To address this, generative models have emerged as an effective solution for generating synthetic data. While current generative models produce image-level category…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Quang Nguyen , Truong Vu , Anh Tran , Khoi Nguyen

Modern electron linear accelerators are often designed to produce smooth bunch distributions characterized by their macroscopic ensemble-average moments. However, an increasing number of accelerator applications call for finer control over…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 G. Ha , K. -J. Kim , P. Piot , J. G. Power , Y. Sun

Beam premodulation on free electron laser (FEL) offers considerable enhancement in gain and efficiency when the phase of the premodulated beam is -pi/2 and the beam is highly modulated implying the maximum beam oscillatory velocity due to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vivek Beniwal , Suresh C. Sharma , Satoshi Hamaguchi

The growing requirements of pump-probe techniques and nonlinear optics experiments greatly promote the studies of two-color free-electron lasers (FELs). We propose a new method to generate coherent two-color pulses in a high-gain harmonic…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Zhouyu Zhao , Heting Li , Qika Jia

We introduce Spectral Guidance, a framework for controlling diffusion models by leveraging the intrinsic geometry of the generative process. As data is progressively corrupted by noise, only a small number of features remain informative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gabriel Moreira , Manuel Marques , João Paulo Costeira , Chenyan Xiong
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