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With the rise of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) platforms,safeguarding the intellectual property of deep learning models is becoming paramount. Among various protective measures, trigger set watermarking has emerged as a flexible and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Hongyu Zhu , Sichu Liang , Wentao Hu , Fangqi Li , Ju Jia , Shilin Wang

Text-to-image synthesis has become highly popular for generating realistic and stylized images, often requiring fine-tuning generative models with domain-specific datasets for specialized tasks. However, these valuable datasets face risks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Songrui Wang , Yubo Zhu , Wei Tong , Sheng Zhong

In the audio modality, state-of-the-art watermarking methods leverage deep neural networks to allow the embedding of human-imperceptible signatures in generated audio. The ideal is to embed signatures that can be detected with high accuracy…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Patrick O'Reilly , Zeyu Jin , Jiaqi Su , Bryan Pardo

The rapid advancement of generative models has enabled highly realistic audio deepfakes, yet current detectors suffer from a critical bias problem, leading to poor generalization across unseen datasets. This paper proposes Artifact-Focused…

Latent generative models (e.g., Stable Diffusion) have become more and more popular, but concerns have arisen regarding potential misuse related to images generated by these models. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze the origin of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Zhenting Wang , Vikash Sehwag , Chen Chen , Lingjuan Lyu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Shiqing Ma

Although recent works on neural vocoder have improved the quality of synthesized audio, there still exists a gap between generated and ground-truth audio in frequency space. This difference leads to spectral artifacts such as hissing noise…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Ji-Hoon Kim , Sang-Hoon Lee , Ji-Hyun Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

Large language models (LLMs) excellently generate human-like text, but also raise concerns about misuse in fake news and academic dishonesty. Decoding-based watermark, particularly the GumbelMax-trick-based watermark(GM watermark), is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jiayi Fu , Xuandong Zhao , Ruihan Yang , Yuansen Zhang , Jiangjie Chen , Yanghua Xiao

The task of discerning between generated and natural texts is increasingly challenging. In this context, watermarking emerges as a promising technique for ascribing generated text to a specific model. It alters the sampling generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Pierre Fernandez , Antoine Chaffin , Karim Tit , Vivien Chappelier , Teddy Furon

Diffusion-based Handwritten Text Generation (HTG) approaches achieve impressive results on frequent, in-vocabulary words observed at training time and on regular styles. However, they are prone to memorizing training samples and often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Konstantina Nikolaidou , George Retsinas , Giorgos Sfikas , Silvia Cascianelli , Rita Cucchiara , Marcus Liwicki

Deepfakes generated by modern generative models pose a serious threat to information integrity, digital identity, and public trust. Existing detection methods are largely reactive, attempting to identify manipulations after they occur and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bibek Das , Chandranath Adak , Soumi Chattopadhyay , Zahid Akhtar , Soumya Dutta

The strategy of combining diffusion-based generative models with classifiers continues to demonstrate state-of-the-art performance on adversarial robustness benchmarks. Known as adversarial purification, this exploits a diffusion model's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-06 David D. Nguyen , The-Anh Ta , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

The availability of high-quality, AI-generated audio raises security challenges such as misinformation campaigns and voice-cloning fraud. A key defense against the misuse of AI-generated audio is by watermarking it, so that it can be easily…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Kexin Li , Xiao Hu , Ilya Grishchenko , David Lie

With the prevalence of text-to-image generative models, their safety becomes a critical concern. adversarial testing techniques have been developed to probe whether such models can be prompted to produce Not-Safe-For-Work (NSFW) content.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yi Liu , Guowei Yang , Gelei Deng , Feiyue Chen , Yuqi Chen , Ling Shi , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu

Thanks to recent advances in deep learning, sophisticated generation tools exist, nowadays, that produce extremely realistic synthetic speech. However, malicious uses of such tools are possible and likely, posing a serious threat to our…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Alessandro Pianese , Davide Cozzolino , Giovanni Poggi , Luisa Verdoliva

Natural language generation (NLG) applications have gained great popularity due to the powerful deep learning techniques and large training corpus. The deployed NLG models may be stolen or used without authorization, while watermarking has…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Tao Xiang , Chunlong Xie , Shangwei Guo , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

Formant synthesis aims to generate speech with controllable formant structures, enabling precise control of vocal resonance and phonetic features. However, while existing formant synthesis approaches enable precise formant manipulation,…

Image watermarking supports authenticity and provenance, yet many schemes are still easy to bypass with various distortions and powerful generative edits. Deep learning-based watermarking has improved robustness to diffusion-based image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Utae Jeong , Sumin In , Hyunju Ryu , Jaewan Choi , Feng Yang , Jongheon Jeong , Seungryong Kim , Sangpil Kim

Ethical concerns surrounding copyright protection and inappropriate content generation pose challenges for the practical implementation of diffusion models. One effective solution involves watermarking the generated images. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Zijin Yang , Kai Zeng , Kejiang Chen , Han Fang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

As generative AI models produce increasingly realistic output, both academia and industry are focusing on the ability to detect whether an output was generated by an AI model or not. Many of the research efforts and policy discourse are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Houssam Kherraz

Deepfakes refer to content synthesized using deep generators, which, when misused, have the potential to erode trust in digital media. Synthesizing high-quality deepfakes requires access to large and complex generators only a few entities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Nils Lukas , Florian Kerschbaum