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Imaging with optical resolution through highly scattering media is a long sought-after goal with important applications in deep tissue imaging. Although being the focus of numerous works, this goal was considered impractical until recently.…
X-ray echo spectroscopy, a counterpart of neutron spin-echo, is being introduced here to overcome limitations in spectral resolution and weak signals of the traditional inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) probes. An image of a point-like x-ray…
This paper is concerned with the inverse scattering problem by an unbounded rough surface. A direct imaging method is proposed to reconstruct the rough surface from the scattered near-field Cauchy data generating by point sources and…
It has been seen recently that when probing a nanoscale object to determine, for example, size or position via light scattering, significant advantage in measurement precision can be gained from exploiting phase singularities in a…
One of the problems of producing instruments for Extremely Large Telescopes is that their size (and hence cost) scales rapidly with telescope aperture. To try to break this relation alternative new technologies have been proposed, such as…
XMS is a multi-channel wide-field spectrograph designed for the prime focus of the 3.5m Calar-Alto telescope. The instrument is composed by four quadrants, each of which contains a spectrograph channel. An innovative mechanical design -at…
We describe an algorithm to optimally extract individual spectra of blended sources from a long slit spectrum. A semi-analytic model for the spatial profile is used: a Voigt profile for the undersampled core with a numerical correction…
Spectrometry is a general physical-analysis approach for investigating light-matter interactions. However, the complex designs of existing spectrometers render them resistant to simplification and miniaturization, both of which are vital…
Multifocal microscopy (MFM) offers high-speed three-dimensional imaging through the simultaneous image capture from multiple focal planes. Conventional MFM systems use a fabricated grating in the emission path for a single emission…
Lensless on-chip microscopy has shown great potential for biomedical imaging due to its large-area and high-throughput imaging capabilities. By combining the pixel super-resolution (PSR) technique, it can improve the resolution beyond the…
The Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) enables low resolution slitless spectroscopic imaging in the three channels. The most-used modes are grism imaging with the WFC and the HRC at a resolution of 40 and 24 A/pixel, respectively. In the far…
Multiple scattering of an electromagnetic wave as it passes through an object is a fundamental problem that limits the performance of current imaging systems. In this paper, we describe a new technique-called Series Expansion with…
Multi-object or integral field spectrographs are recognized techniques for achieving simultaneous spectroscopic observations of different or extended sky objects with a high multiplex factor. In this communication is described a…
This paper provides a brief overview of applications of advanced X-ray spectroscopic techniques that take advantage of the resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) in the hard and tender x-ray range and have recently become available for…
Random scattering of light in disordered media is an intriguing phenomenon of fundamental relevance to various applications. While techniques such as wavefront shaping and transmission matrix measurements have enabled remarkable progress…
Young's archetypal double-slit experiment forms the basis for modern diffraction techniques: the elastic scattering of waves yields an interference pattern that captures the real-space structure. Here, we report on an inelastic incarnation…
This work concerns a detailed review of data analysis methods used for remotely sensed images of large areas of the Earth and of other solid astronomical objects. In detail, it focuses on the problem of inferring the materials that cover…
Optical phase-space functions describe spatial and angular information simultaneously; examples include light fields in ray optics and Wigner functions in wave optics. Measurement of phase-space enables digital refocusing, aberration…
Recently introduced angular-memory-effect based techniques enable non-invasive imaging of objects hidden behind thin scattering layers. However, both the speckle-correlation and the bispectrum analysis are based on the statistical average…
High-speed image acquisition in light microscopy is essential for a wide range of applications, including observing dynamic biological processes and enabling high-throughput sample analysis. However, traditional imaging speeds are often…