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Data is commonly stored in tabular format. Several fields of research are prone to small imbalanced tabular data. Supervised Machine Learning on such data is often difficult due to class imbalance. Synthetic data generation, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Kristian Schultz , Saptarshi Bej , Waldemar Hahn , Markus Wolfien , Prashant Srivastava , Olaf Wolkenhauer

This article provides a comprehensive synthesis of the recent developments in synthetic data generation via deep generative models, focusing on tabular datasets. We specifically outline the importance of synthetic data generation in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Conor Hassan , Robert Salomone , Kerrie Mengersen

Handling imbalance in class distribution when building a classifier over tabular data has been a problem of long-standing interest. One popular approach is augmenting the training dataset with synthetically generated data. While classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Annie D'souza , Swetha M , Sunita Sarawagi

The ability to generate synthetic data has a variety of use cases across different domains. In education research, there is a growing need to have access to synthetic data to test certain concepts and ideas. In recent years, several deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Herkulaas MvE Combrink , Vukosi Marivate , Benjamin Rosman

Data augmentation is rapidly gaining attention in machine learning. Synthetic data can be generated by simple transformations or through the data distribution. In the latter case, the main challenge is to estimate the label associated to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Maria Perez-Ortiz , Peter Tino , Rafal Mantiuk , Cesar Hervas-Martinez

Tabular data is one of the most prevalent and important data formats in real-world applications such as healthcare, finance, and education. However, its effective use in machine learning is often constrained by data scarcity, privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Ruxue Shi , Yili Wang , Mengnan Du , Xu Shen , Yi Chang , Xin Wang

Generative modelling has become the standard approach for synthesising tabular data. However, different use cases demand synthetic data to comply with different requirements to be useful in practice. In this survey, we review deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Mihaela Cătălina Stoian , Eleonora Giunchiglia , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Current work on human-machine alignment aims at understanding machine-learned latent spaces and their correspondence to human representations. G{\"a}rdenfors' conceptual spaces is a prominent framework for understanding human…

Handling imbalanced target distributions in regression poses a persistent challenge, as the underrepresentation of relevant target values can significantly hinder model performance. Existing data-level solutions often adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 António Pedro Pinheiro , Rita P. Ribeiro

This paper considers the multi-task learning problem and in the setting where some relevant features could be shared across few related tasks. Most of the existing methods assume the extent to which the given tasks are related or share a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Pratik Jawanpuria , J. Saketha Nath

Class imbalance is a long-standing problem relevant to a number of real-world applications of deep learning. Oversampling techniques, which are effective for handling class imbalance in classical learning systems, can not be directly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Sankha Subhra Mullick , Shounak Datta , Swagatam Das

Deep Generative Models (DGMs) have been shown to be powerful tools for generating tabular data, as they have been increasingly able to capture the complex distributions that characterize them. However, to generate realistic synthetic data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Mihaela Cătălina Stoian , Salijona Dyrmishi , Maxime Cordy , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Eleonora Giunchiglia

The tabular form constitutes the standard way of representing data in relational database systems and spreadsheets. But, similarly to other forms, tabular data suffers from class imbalance, a problem that causes serious performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Leonidas Akritidis , Panayiotis Bozanis

Due to their data-driven nature, Machine Learning (ML) models are susceptible to bias inherited from data, especially in classification problems where class and group imbalances are prevalent. Class imbalance (in the classification target)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Emmanouil Panagiotou , Arjun Roy , Eirini Ntoutsi

Deep generative models have become useful for synthetic data generation, particularly population synthesis. The models implicitly learn the probability distribution of a dataset and can draw samples from a distribution. Several models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Daniel Opoku Mensah , Godwin Badu-Marfo , Bilal Farooq

Our ability to synthesize sensory data that preserves specific statistical properties of the real data has had tremendous implications on data privacy and big data analytics. The synthetic data can be used as a substitute for selective real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Moustafa Alzantot , Supriyo Chakraborty , Mani B. Srivastava

Analysis of over-parameterized neural networks has drawn significant attention in recentyears. It was shown that such systems behave like convex systems under various restrictedsettings, such as for two-level neural networks, and when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Cong Fang , Yihong Gu , Weizhong Zhang , Tong Zhang

Generative modeling for tabular data has recently gained significant attention in the Deep Learning domain. Its objective is to estimate the underlying distribution of the data. However, estimating the underlying distribution of tabular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Aníbal Silva , André Restivo , Moisés Santos , Carlos Soares

Recently, the topic of table pre-training has attracted considerable research interest. However, how to employ table pre-training to boost the performance of tabular prediction remains an open challenge. In this paper, we propose TapTap,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Tianping Zhang , Shaowen Wang , Shuicheng Yan , Jian Li , Qian Liu

Generating synthetic tabular data under severe class imbalance is essential for domains where rare but high-impact events drive decision-making. However, most generative models either overlook minority groups or fail to produce samples that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Milosh Devic , Jordan Gierschendorf , David Garson
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